" Grape

The constant replenishment of grape varieties with new hybrids makes it difficult to choose options for the garden plot. But there are also favorites that have earned great popularity in a short period of time. Among them is Kishmish.

The main advantage of grapes is the absence of seeds in the berries. The composition includes a large number of vitamins of groups: B, C, E, PP, A, etc. In addition, the juicy pulp is rich in minerals that have a beneficial effect on the human body:

• potassium;
• iron;
• magnesium;
• calcium;
• zinc;
• selenium, etc.

The use of grapes has a cosmetic and healing effect... Flavonoids slow down the aging process of the skin, and vitamin composition has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, it is important to replenish the body useful microelements strengthening immune system.

Kishmish grapes are one of the few products that preserves useful qualities not only in fresh, but also after processing.

Calorie content

The calorie index averages about 230-280 Kcal, depending on the variety. Nutritional value due to the high content of glucose, fructose and sucrose... The daily ration of an adult is about 1800 calories, and 100 grams of berries is not enough to fill up, so it is important not to gain extra pounds while tasting the amazing gifts of nature.

Nutritionists limit daily rate grapes up to 200 gr. and then subject to the correction of the rest of the menu. It is recommended to consume grapes in the morning, but never at night. The evening portion promotes active weight gain. In addition, berries contain simple carbohydrates, increase blood sugar.

Useful and harmful properties of green and black varieties

The benefits of this type of grape are simply invaluable. Trace elements and vitamins that make up the berries have a beneficial effect on the body:

• strengthen protective functions;
• calm the nervous system;
• improve the work of the cardiovascular system;
• reduce the risk of tooth decay or gum disease.

Antioxidants that make up grapes protect cells from the destructive action of radicals, help restore metabolic processes.

In addition to using the product fresh, wine is often used as an auxiliary treatment (in not large doses Oh), for example, with angina, bronchitis, constipation. Raisins supplement dietary meals or baked goods.

In cosmetology, there are many recipes that involve the use of both berries (as juice) and leaves. The high effect of masks and creams containing a grape component is noted.

To useful product did not harm the body, it is important to remember some restrictions. For example, you shouldn't consume a lot of berries at a time. Unbeknownst to yourself, you can raise your blood sugar level, triggering an attack. The abundance of sweet substances in fruits has a destructive effect on tooth enamel... Therefore, after eating, you should rinse the mouth. clean water or a special lotion.

Varietal variety of quiche Misha

The Kishmish grape appeared as a result of natural mutation during vegetative propagation. A little later, by the labors of breeders, different varieties, different in color (from light green to dark blue) and ripening period. All varieties are classified into classes (there are 4 in total). The first and second include seedless berries, and 3 and 4 have different grain sizes inside. This factor sometimes misleads consumers who believe that Kishmish cannot have seeds in the pulp.

The assortment of varieties allows us to expand the technologies for processing grapes, in addition to raisins and wine, they learned how to make no less tasty and healthy jam, jam, fruit drink, etc.

TO the best varieties include the following raisins:

• Jupiter, etc.

The Far Eastern Kishmish deserves special attention, which is often confused with actinidia.- a plant that has nothing to do with grapes. Where does this species grow? Breeders especially for regions with a harsh climate have bred the Novinka (Taezhny) variety, which can withstand severe frosts (-30 °). Bunches ripen by mid-August - early September. The weight of an average brush is 500-600 grams. The yield is low, but stable. But resistance to fungal diseases is weak.

Black Kishmish is considered no less interesting and tasty. Ideal taste qualities berries and market value are outweighed by another scale with high requirements for agricultural technology. In order to harvest a consistently high yield, it is necessary to pay attention to fertilizing, watering and preventive treatments, because the plant is weakly resistant to diseases and pest attacks.

More resistant immunity to disease in Neptune, which has greenish-yellow berries, very sweet in taste. Medium-sized fruits are formed into a dense bunch weighing up to 400 grams. The culture is unpretentious in care, it grows on almost any soil. Withstands frosts down to -25 °.

There are many varieties of Kishmish bred, but the exact number is not indicated in the reference books.

Contraindications for use

Not everyone is allowed to use the beneficial properties of sweet berries. It is not recommended to use the product for people with the following health problems:

• stomach ulcer;
• diabetes;
• obesity.

For those who take the course diet food when losing weight, you can also not include grapes in the diet due to the high calorie content.

Application

Kish mish grapes have found application in different areas National economy. The main purpose remains for cooking:

• for fresh consumption;
• raisin;
• winemaking;
• preserves and jams;
• beverages.

In folk and traditional medicine dried product used for the preparation of various tinctures. Fresh berries recommend to use during treatment cardiovascular disease, in violation of the liver of the kidneys.

In cosmetology, there are many recipes for masks and other products, the action of which is aimed at moisturizing the skin and removing fine wrinkles. The upper layer of the epidermis, enriched with vitamins, visually tightens, and the outflow of blood through the capillaries improves.

Grape-based products for nails and hair are considered no less effective.

Agrotechnology of sustainable raisins grapes does not contain complex measures, and plant seedlings take root in almost any region, even with unstable climatic conditions. This makes it possible to acquire one of the most suitable varieties Kishmish on your site.

Kishmish is great for baby food... There are no seeds in its berries, the skin is much thinner than that of other varieties, so it is easy for babies to chew it. In addition, it rarely causes allergies and does not provoke diathesis.

This grape contains much less dietary fiber than, for example, apples or pears, due to which it is recommended for consumption after various food poisoning... That is, at a time when the human gastrointestinal tract cannot cope with the digestion of foods rich in fiber.

Kishmish helps to restore the body after illness, is useful for anemia and ailments of the liver and kidneys. Regular use grapes will reduce the risk of blood clots and blood clots. Rice is also useful for people with impaired metabolism and poor digestion; its antimicrobial and soothing properties have also been proven.

Dried raisins or raisins are widely used in folk medicine... For example, water infused with 200 g of raisins has proven to be excellent good remedy from intestinal colic in children. Only the berries need to be rinsed thoroughly before use.

Fresh berries contain about 80 kcal per 100 g, and dried - from 260 to 300 kcal, it all depends on the degree of drying.

but overuse raisins can provoke diarrhea, flatulence and other symptoms. This condition should not be ignored, since fruits containing a large amount of fructose, if consumed excessively, can seriously disrupt digestion. This, in turn, threatens with possible further disturbances in the assimilation of water and food. The diarrhea that occurs in this case is treated in the same way as usual, by prescribing a large amount of water balance stabilizers.

In addition, raisins do not always go well with dairy products, especially with fresh milk... The consequences are reminiscent of food poisoning.

You should not eat raisins for people who are suffering. Nutritionists also do not recommend it to those suffering from obesity, since the high content of fructose provokes fluctuations in blood sugar levels and increases appetite. Grapes are strictly forbidden to those who have stomach ulcers.

Far Eastern slang confuses many who have come here for the first time. A familiar name here may mean something quite different from what they are used to. , and raisins are not a grape variety.

Kishmish in the Far East is actinidia, a tree-like deciduous dioecious liana, in our taiga it can reach 50 m in length and have a trunk thickness at the base of about 50 cm in diameter, the trunk itself is much thinner, these are arguta, kolomikta and polygamy are thinner, but very strong and a flexible barrel. It is also called Amur gooseberry or Far Eastern raisins.

Her emerald the fruits are unusually tasty and even more unusually healthy, especially the fruits contain a lot of vitamin C and provitamin A (carotene). One berry of our raisins can replace a hundred-gram lemon in terms of vitamin C content.

For comparison, vitamin C is contained in the fruits of our raisins up to 1500 mg per 100 g of berries, in black currant 400 mg per 100 g, and in lemon 70 mg per 100 g ..

In total, more than 30 species of actinidia are known in the world, we mainly find kolomikta, arguta and polygamy, but the healing properties of our species are an order of magnitude higher than the rest. Again, for comparison, the now well-known kiwi fruit contains 150-300 mg of vitamin C per 100 g. fresh fruits, i.e. one small raisin berry will replace 3-4 kiwi fruits.

By the way, the progenitor of kiwi is Chinese actinidia. At the beginning of the 20th century, it was brought to New Zealand and by selection they bred an unusually large fruit, which everyone liked so much that they called it kiwi, for the similarity of the shape of the fruit with the famous New Zealand kiwi bird, which is depicted on the emblem of this country. Today you rarely meet a person who has not heard of kiwi, but our raisins are mainly known within the Far East.

The most delicious raisins - kolomikta, the most fertile arguta, with one vine in good year you can collect up to 100 kg, polygamy is called "pepper" or bitter raisins, when the fruits are not yet ripe they have a bitter taste of pepper, but says about the healing properties of polygamy Japanese name this plant is matatabi, which means "back on the road."

According to a Japanese legend, the traveler, completely exhausted due to a stomach illness, tasted these fruits and, having immediately recovered, gained strength to continue on his way.

All types of raisins differ in taste, but have the most valuable medicinal properties and the cat family is delighted with the utmost delight, when they plant raisins in their dachas, cats simply tear apart the vines. They say if you throw a twig of this plant into a fire, then they will immediately begin to gather around, they can even look at the light.

Many inhabitants of the Far Eastern taiga enjoy the fruits of raisins with pleasure, especially bears, famous lovers of sweets, love them. They, too, do not particularly stand on ceremony with the vines, they simply rip them off the trees along with the fruits, but this does not greatly harm the raisins, several new ones grow from one torn liana.

"The fruits of health" - this is the name of the raisins, they are just a storehouse nutrients, scientists recently discovered that juice from the fruits of these plants is the best substitute orange juice and at the same time there are no allergic reactions, it can even be given to babies, and the enzymes contained in it perfectly restore the intestines after taking large doses of antibiotics.

A oriental medicine uses the whole plant, not only fruits, but also leaves and shoots. The range of applications is large enough - fortifying, hemostatic, analgesic, anti-scaling, antihelmintic, also used in the treatment of vitamin deficiencies, anemia, metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal tract, angina pectoris, tuberculosis and many other diseases.

Most helpful and tasty fruits, these are just plucked, like any others, but homemade preparations also have quite purposeful properties. Kishmish can be dried, made jam and jams, it turns out very delicious marmalade, you can just fill it with sugar, boil compote or make wine, by the way it turns out very tasty. They also add it to hot seasoning for meat and soy sauce.

Exactly one hundred years ago Michurin ordered actinidia for his collection from Primorye, after which he declared that in terms of its qualities it should take the first-class place among fruit plants.

I would like to believe that someday on the shelves of our stores, instead of overseas Coca-Cola and sprites, there will be juices and drinks made from our healthy wild plants without any flavor enhancers or substitutes for identical natural product... How much more then we will have and just healthy people, because according to our scientists, if you just eat 2-3 raisins a day, you can get rid of many diseases.

A relict plant, inherited from prehistoric times, with the most unique healing properties, amazingly tasty and incredibly healthy, beautiful at the moment of flowering with a magical delicate aroma, here is such a raisin growing with us, which has scientific name actinidia.

The benefits and harms of grape raisins - how can this be indicated, and how to determine which of the varieties and varieties is more useful? It should be noted that not all berries can be eaten, and not all of them are useful for children and adults. But we will consider the features of cultural cultivation further.

Kishmish grape variety - its features

As in any grape business, varieties are subdivided into types and subspecies. They are assigned numbers and characteristics, entered in the book and keep records of the cultivation of crops. If we talk about the features, the most distinctive thing about it is the absence of seeds. The plant does not need special care, the berries have excellent taste. The fruits of the plant ripen early, and it takes about 3-3.5 months from the first set to the first complex harvest.

The raisin grape variety tastes nutmeg, slightly fruity. Despite growing in a warm climate, the variety perfectly tolerates the frosts of the Urals and northern outskirts with a corresponding climate. It can also be transported without special cameras, it does not lend itself to diseases in the form of fungi. You can store it for almost a whole month without preprocessing.

Why is green raisin and its varieties useful?

What is the use of raisins, if the most valuable, seeds, are not in it? Its main component is sweetness, and the components associated with it. Those who form this taste directly depend on the calorie content of the product and on the method of cultivation. Since the grapes of this variety grow in the homeland of warmth, it is customary in Asia to even be treated with a handful of berries. Having eaten a few of these berries, you can forget about fatigue, irritability and fatigue. A weak heart and a cough? This will also not happen if the gifts of the seedless variety are used correctly.

The average calorie content of the variety varies within 400 kcal per 100 g of product. Translated from Arabic, the variety means - dried berries, that is, raisins. And it is customary to speak of it as a raisin, even meaning ripe bunches. It contains a lot of fructose, sucrose and glucose - carbohydrates in it occupy the lion's share. It is also rich in vitamins:

• A, C;
• B1, B2, B5;
• Chromium;
• Phosphorus;
• Potassium;
• Magnesium;
• Iron;
• Calcium.

There is boron in some varieties of the variety, but it is rarely found in the composition. And for many, such a set of vitamins is enough, and why such grapes are useful, we will find out further:

1. For patients suffering from VSD, you need to eat raisins. It will fill the body with potassium, prevent hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias.
2. Osteoporosis can also be prevented by eating dried raisins as a preventive measure. It is useful for the elderly.
3. Oleanolic acid prevents the growth of bacteria in the oral mucosa, disinfects saliva. In this regard, people are less susceptible to rotavirus, tooth decay, and gum disease. And thanks to phyto-substances and trace elements, the antioxidant provides normal flora in the oral cavity, preventing viruses from penetrating further into the esophagus.
4. An infusion of grape raisins will also be useful for those who suffer from nervous breakdowns and are prone to stress.
5. We should also separately thank the properties of grapes for those who have respiratory problems. Grapes treat coughs, sore throats, and even asthma.
6. For pregnant women, it is useful for removing toxins and excess fluid. This prevents swelling.
7. Dried grapes in tincture can relieve itching and swelling of the skin, and when taken internally - reduces the risk of heartburn, nausea and bile.

This grape variety is very often used in baked goods to give desserts interesting taste and aroma. There are also a number of grape varieties, which we will discuss below.

The benefits and harms of black raisins

This variety is considered to be a hybrid form of grapes that also has no seeds. A ripe berry contains vitamins and minerals, folic acid and organic acids. It is distinguished from the green variety by its high content of sucrose, so it is better not to use it for diabetics. Essential oils- the second component, and it is useful for hypotension. If we talk about the chemical composition, then it contains:

• Chlorophyll - supports immunity, participates in exchange process substances, has a positive effect on the generation of affected tissues.
• Flavonoids are free radicals that also have positive influence on the immune system and lymph nodes.
• Quercetins - maintain youth, prevent cell aging. Sometimes they can help in the fight against nervous exhaustion, anemia and the renewal of blood cells.
• Iron salts and enzymes - improve digestion, have a good effect on the digestive tract.

Also, black grapes tone and strengthen the work of the heart muscle. You can eat 25 bunch of berries every day to strengthen the body and have a preventive effect on human organs.

Primorsky kishmish and its properties

Primorsky raisins are not grapes at all, as is commonly believed in the west. Here, next to the water bodies, the fruits of green berries that resemble grapes grow, however, this is actinidia, which grows in the coastal Far Eastern regions. The benefits of seaside raisins are different, since the berry itself is a vine, a dioecious deciduous actinidia.

It contains vitamin A, a provitamin of carotene, and is enormous due to the fertile taiga soil. Outwardly, it looks like a green variety raisins, but differs in plants at the root, so it is not worth talking about it as a grape.

Far Eastern raisins and its benefits

Far Eastern raisins and its benefits are special cultivation varieties. Its fruits resemble pineapples, which have many chambers inside. They have a rich chemical composition with its healing properties. In western Europe, many summer residents are trying to grow fruits in the countryside. household plots... And getting such ripe berries in your hands, you can judge about their exceptional features. Amur gooseberry - Far Eastern raisins, in a daily dose satisfies human needs for all minerals and vitamins.

1. The acid and vitamin C in it is 15 times higher than the vitamin content in lemon and red pepper.
2. Inside there are biological substances similar in composition to rhamnose, galactose, glucose and xylose.
3. Arabinose and 13% sugars break down nitrates in the human body.
4. Apple and lemon acid, succinic and oxalic acid - this prevents the formation of blood clots.

Far Eastern raisins are also useful for animals, as they fully protect against attacks by fleas and microorganisms.

Is it possible for pregnant women to eat raisins?

It has already been said above that the berry removes edema and prevents the formation of oligohydramnios. Pregnant women can eat raisins due to its usefulness and properties that are so necessary in this position. It also provides diuretic effect, stimulates the work of the heart, which is very important when carrying a fetus, and also helps to cope with the load on the liver and blood vessels.

In the last months of pregnancy, it is better to exclude grapes, since sugar can increase, and the load will fall on circulatory system fetus. Not having time to be born, he will acquire unnecessary sugar problems. Grapes of any variety should also be eaten in the morning; at night, it may make you want to go to the toilet repeatedly. Although a morning fruit, it can prevent heartburn in the evening. After the birth of the baby, any overseas sweets should be excluded for 2-3 months.

Calorie content of raisins grapes and its BJU

Insofar as the nutritional value grapes are very high, it is worth noting such a moment - some varieties are useful for playing sports, while others help to resume muscle mass... However, it is useful to know some aspects of the calories of each grape variety.

BZHU Variety:	Squirrels	Fats	Carbohydrates	Calories
Green	0.9 g	0.5 g	16.9 g	66 kcal
White	0.68 g	0.08 g	13.8 g	55 kcal
Black	1.5 g	0.29 g	19 g	95 kcal
Far Eastern	8%	12%	80%	450 kcal
Seaside	12 g	4.5 g	83.5 g	590 kcal

The presented calorie content of raisins and its BJU will help you choose the right variety in order to combine it with other products. As you can see, the most high-calorie and carbohydrate-rich grape is seaside, which does not grow in our countries. Common varieties and subspecies of raisins contain a small amount of proteins and fats, but there are, as always, more carbohydrates. Calorie content - the highest nutritional value belongs to the Far Eastern grapes, which are overseas berries. The optimal combination of indicators for "our" person is the characteristic of black grapes.

Grapes are certainly native to Asia, but now they are cultivated in many regions. Grape berries can have a wide variety of colors: light green, yellow, black, dark blue, burgundy, purple. Now on the territory of our country more than three thousand varieties of grapes are grown. There are fruits of a spherical shape, as well as oval, they are collected in dense or loose clusters, which can be of very different sizes.

What groups of varieties are there?

Let's list the main ones:

• Regular grapes. This group combines both sour and sweet tastes. Smells are neutral, without peculiarities.
• Solanaceous grapes. The taste of its berries is somewhat reminiscent of nightshade, it contains a herbaceous aftertaste.
• Muscat grapes. In these varieties, nutmeg notes are very pronounced.
• Isabel grapes. All varieties included in this group have a special taste and aroma, which contains notes of black currant, strawberry, pineapple. All Isabella berries have slimy flesh.
• Kish mish. Seedless variety.

Also, varieties can be differentiated according to the main colors: white, red and black.

What vitamins and microelements do these varieties contain?

White, red, black, green grapes contain:

Fructose, glucose- they are fast-digesting sugars. Their molecules are so small that they are broken down in the body instantly, and this leads to an increase in blood glucose. For this reason, the sick diabetes mellitus should be careful not to use grapes. It is worth noting that if suddenly, on the contrary, you need to dramatically increase blood sugar, grapes may be the first remedy.

Organic and fruit acids (malic, tartaric).
Vitamin B, (vitamin C), folic acid, vitamins of group P, K, beta-carotenes.

Grapes are high in minerals, especially potassium, which is very important for heart function.

Bioflavonoids, which are found in red and black varieties, are natural antioxidants, they have a positive effect on the whole body as a whole.

Various tannins.

Cellulose... She is the main body cleaner from harmful substances and toxins.
Natural dyes. They play an important role in the color of the grapes.

What are the diseases in which the use of grapes is especially useful, especially its dark varieties. Let's consider how the content of vitamins and minerals in grapes is useful in each case.

- In case of violation of blood clotting, vitamin K will come to the rescue.

- Folic acid, vitamins P and C will be useful in the treatment of vascular pathologies.

- Folic acid also helps to eliminate disorders in the formation of blood elements.

- It has a phytoncidal effect positive impact with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

- Grapes contain fiber, thanks to which the motor activity of the intestines improves, constipation is eliminated.

- Grapes are useful in the initial stages of tuberculosis, with nervous disorders with insomnia.

Ampelotherapy

Content valuable, useful vitamins and minerals in grapes became the basis of ampelotherapy. This healing system is used to treat the most various diseases... It is especially popular in regions where grape cultivation is widespread. These regions include our close neighbors: Moldova, Crimea, Georgia, Azerbaijan. On their territories there are sanatoriums where ampelotherapy is widely practiced.

For what pathologies is ampelotherapy indicated?

• Diseases of the cardiovascular system.
• Diseases respiratory system(asthma, bronchitis).
• Disorders in the gastrointestinal tract.
• With a decrease in blood hemoglobin (anemia).
• With mental exhaustion.

Red and white grape varieties are used to make excellent wine. It helps to normalize blood cholesterol levels. However, you should not exceed the norm, a useful dose is 30 ml of wine per day.

Do not forget that ampelotherapy is carried out according to the recommendations of doctors, there are also contraindications to this kind treatment. This method is used to treat chronic pathologies outside the period of exacerbation, for prophylactic purposes. You should not get carried away with ampelotherapy when acute diseases... Allergic reactions are possible, especially to dark varieties grapes.

During the period of ampelotherapy, you need to follow some recommendations for proper nutrition... Do not eat fried, fatty foods, and also give up smoking and alcohol.

Ampelotherapy cannot be the main method of treatment, it only contributes to the early recovery of the body. Do not forget to be monitored by your doctor.

Kish mish

I would like to pay special attention to this variety. It is a favorite among consumers, as it has no seeds inside. Most often, quiche mish is used for making wine, raisins. It is also consumed raw.

Like other varieties, quiche mish contains many useful vitamins and microelements: carbohydrates, sugars, calcium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, iron, organic acids, carotene, vitamins of groups P, PP, C, B1, B6, B9, B12.

Even in ancient times, the beneficial properties of kish mish were discovered by humans. With its use, due to its rich composition, stress loads are removed, irritability decreases, and metabolism in the body is normalized.

Kish mish is recommended for use in cases of kidney and liver diseases, asthmatics, weakened immunity, and high blood pressure... Grapes perfectly thin the blood, preventing the formation of blood clots, blood clots.

It is enough to consume 20 berries per day, it is better to combine quiche mish with walnuts... Abuse large quantity can lead to the accumulation of excess weight, as quiche mish is very high in calories.

Calorie content of grapes

Each variety has its own calorie content. On average, grapes contain from 60 to 90 kcal. It can be concluded that this product cannot be dietary, because it contains a large amount of glucose.

Therefore, when losing weight, you need to choose low-calorie varieties grapes. Sitting on a grape diet is difficult and impractical. Low-calorie grapes are best used sometimes during fasting days.

Below is the calorie content of various grape varieties, calculated for 100g of product:

• Sour varieties - 65 kcal.
• White varieties - 43 kcal.
• Red varieties - 64 kcal.
• Kish mish - 95 kcal.
• Raisins - 270 kcal.