Topinambur in common people name earthwood pear And the sun root. The plant looks like sunflower, it grows up. In the cooking, only the root of the Topinambur, which resembles ginger is used. The fruit is difficult to attribute to the culture of the company, however experienced owners adapted to grow the Topinamburbi on their home expensive areas. In this case, it will be useful information About the dangers, benefits and properties of the plant. Let's talk about everything in order.

Topinambur: Composition

Topinambur does not contain fat and cholesterol. At 100 gr. Kornefloda has 81 grams. Waters, about 1 grams. fiber, 1 gr. ash, about 3 grams. Protein, 14-15 grams. Carbohydrates, 0.1 gr. pectin.

In addition, the plant includes useful vitamins for humans: B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, RR, C. From the elements the following are allocated: sodium, phosphorus, inulin, copper, magnesium, potassium, iron, calcium, silicon, zinc and others.

Vegetable does not possess high calorie, in 100 gr. contains 61 kcal. A wide range of useful enzymes allows the use of Topinambur in cooking, cosmetology, medicine, as a technical culture.

The benefits of Topinambura

As mentioned earlier, there are many vitamins and elements in Topinambur. Each enzyme carries a certain benefit.

1. Phosphorus is responsible for the full work of the kidneys, heart muscle and liver. He strengthens bone fabric, Provides the body with sufficient energy for the entire work day, activates mental and physical activity.
2. Copper - cleans human body From free radicals, enhances the hematopoietic function (normalization of circulation), is responsible for all anabolic processes, forms bones.
3. Calcium - displays poisons, slags and toxins from the walls of the internal organs, supplies muscle tissue with oxygen, strengthens the heart, leads to normal arterial pressure, favorably affects the condition of hair and nails.
4. Silicon - stops the formation of kidney stones, contributes to the full operation of the urinary tract, saturates bone tissue with minerals. The element improves blood consumption, participates in the formation of nerve cells and epithelium.
5. Sodium - supports water / acid balances on the desired mark, removes excess salts and lumps, ensures the correct reduction in skeletal muscles, contributes to accelerated blood circulation. The content of the element in the composition increases the exchange processes of the whole organism.
6. Magnesium - eliminates complex inflammation, thickens the walls of the vessels, capillaries and hearts. It normalizes the activity of the central nervous system, removes toxins, leads to the operation of the gastrointestinal tract, forms a skeleton.
7. Iron - promotes the synthesis of thyroid hormones, increases immune system, it stops the accumulation of pathogenic organisms, leads to the formation of red blood cells in the desired volume.
8. Zinc - accelerates the formation of bones, imposes reproductive feature, heals the complex abrasions from the inside, activates the brain work, synthesizes insulin.
9. Potassium - responsible for the work of the heart, providing an approach to the muscle of blood and oxygen. It normalizes arterial and venous pressure, removes spasms, leads to a tone of the water balance, eliminates the limbs and the whole body from the ethony, accelerates metabolism.
10. Ash - Allows you to slow down the blood intake, heals the wounds and removes inflammatory processes, contributes to the relief of blood clots inside the vessels and capillaries. It serves as a catalyst that provokes the pancreas to produce natural insulin.
11. Protein - Supports hormonal background of men, women and adolescents on the required mark (excludes jumps), promotes erection, transports hemoglobin. It enhances immunity, eliminates the formation of fat around the internal organs, allows you to increase muscular weight, Synthesizes insulin.
12. The fiber - reduces the risk of serious diseases (colitis, gastritis, hemorrhoids, dysbacteriosis, diabetes, obesity, enteritis, atherosclerosis). It increases the immune system during the flu, promotes weight loss, reduces glucose levels and supports sugar at the desired mark. In addition, the tissue eliminates the formation of stones in the kidneys, removes harmful connections from the intestines, stops constipation and diarrhea.
13. Pectin - has absorbent properties. It takes severe impurities, salt, slags, poisons. An improvement in intestinal peristaltics is also achieved, the walls of the arteries are strengthened, metabolism increases, the risk of cholesterol plaques is reduced. Pectin protects the internal organs from the action of strong antibiotics, normalizes the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract.
14. Organic I. fatty acid - Salt deposition in joints, increase the acidity of the stomach, contribute to the full construction of cell membranes, accelerate digestion due to abundant salivation, raise all the exchange processes of the organism on the "working" level.
15. Ascorbic acid - increases the production of collagen and elastin fibers, due to the elimination of wrinkles and partial smoothing of the skin. Vitamin C has spasmolytic, bactericidal, anti-allergenic, vasculating properties. The element thickens bones, nails, hair follicles, derives urea from the blood, speeds up the release of adrenal hormones, stops malignant formations in the gastrointestinal tract.
16. Vitamin B - accelerates the production of genital hormones, synthesizes hemoglobin in the blood, is involved in the activation of brain and CNS processes. Regular use Kornefloda reduces physical and mental fatigue, eliminates insomnia, improves eyesight and breathing, leads to a tone of the kidney and pancreas.
17. Retinol - has a prophylactic effect in the cold season, develops the work of all internal organs, maintains cell differentiation, strengthens the membrane, ensures full regeneration of skin tissues. Vitamin A contributes to an increase in the immune system, so it is often added to pharmacy vitamins.
18. Inulin - cleans the body, in particular, the digestive tract, from pathogens of microorganisms, stops diarrhea and bloody, contributes to the rapid digestibility of selenium, stops nausea and vomiting (relevant in infectious diseases and after a large feast). Inulin Topinambur strengthens the walls of the stomach, has antioxidant properties.
19. Vitamin RR - contributes to the elimination of stones in the kidneys, removes an extra liquid, maintains blood pressure and reduces the risk of tachycardia, strengthens the hair follicles, regenerates skin cells. Often the root of the Topinambur is applied in cosmetic purposes To remove inflammation and healing of wounds, combating dandruff and seborrhea.
20. Water - speeds up all metabolic processes in the body, without it it is impossible to achieve the correct operation of the internal organs. A special influence is on the male and female sexual system (the risk of infertility decreases, increases the critical function, etc.).

Topinambar positively affects the statute of a still unformed child organism.

1. Thanks to the research of global scientists, it was proved that the use of the root of the plant with food increases appetite, eliminates the sediment of salts in the urine, contributes to the growth of hemoglobin, strengthens the immune system.
2. Korneflood normalizes intestinal peristalsis, eliminating colic, constipation, diarrhea, meteorism. The large mining of minerals facilitates the activity of the liver and kidney, removes the excess of harmful fluid.
3. For proper use Bone and muscle tissue of the child grows taking into account age without deviations. However, it is possible to offer a vegetable to children 5+, more younger generation (from 1 year) should be extinguished in advance or boil the root.

The benefits of the juice of Topinambura

Many people have adapted to prepare a plant based juice. The drink also has a lot of useful qualities if you use it in moderation.

1. Topinambur juice restores the pigmentation of the skin, protects the epidermis from direct ultraviolet and the effect of hard weather conditions.
2. The drink quenches thirst, has light diuretic and laxative properties, eliminates constipation.
3. The composition is recommended for the use of people with gastritis of all stages, ulcers and other stomach diseases. It reduces the selection of bile, stops neoplasms.
4. Topinambling juice reduces blood sugar content, which favorably affects the health of diabetics.
5. Anti-port properties allow you to adjust the immune system between the seasons when the body suffers from a lack of vitamins and a sharp change of weather conditions.
6. People experiencing constant joint pains should use Topinambur juice daily in small quantities (1 teaspoon). Due to the strengthening of bone shells, cartilage is not erased, stiffness is eliminated when walking and strong discomfort.

Even despite all of the above useful qualitiesYou should familiarize yourself with the harm you can carry a plant.

1. First of all, it is important to mention individual intolerance. If you notice that you often suffer from allergies, start using a Topinambur with small portions. If after a certain period has not been detected side EffectsBoldly include a vegetable in the daily diet.
2. Some people have a disorder of the activity of the gastrointestinal tract at the first acquaintance with the raw Topinamburg. Discomfort is in bloating, diarrhea. The reason is inulin, which in an unstressed state leaves the body. If you suffer meteorism, eat vegetable in boiled or stew.
3. In pharmacies and shops healthy nutrition You can find an additive to food, which is called "Topinambur's fiber". Before use, familiarize yourself with the contraindications. It belongs to them cholelithiasis, ulcer 12-rings and stomach, individual intolerance, problems with sleep, pancreatitis in acute stage, increased blood pressure, availability of adhesions in the intestine.

Topinambur is famous for its useful properties. It is recommended for the use of diabetics, children from 5 years old, men and women with violations hormonal background. Plant juice is useful to those who suffer diabetes, constant bloating, gastritis and constipation. The harm of the root lies in individual intolerance, before the first acquaintance, be careful.

Video: Cooking recipes Topinambur

Topinambur, or an earthen pear, is not only delicious, but also extremely useful root rootwhich is undeservedly deprived by the attention of modern dachens. Due to unpretentiousness, endurance and high yield, it can be grown even in the zone of the so-called risky agriculture.

In addition, unlike other rooteploods, Topinambe does not accumulate in the process of growth harmful substances, but it contains a large number of Vitamins, minerals and organic acids. To taste, an earthen pear can be compared with repo or cabbage knife.

When growing, this culture will not require unnecessary troubles and additional events that will significantly save time, and uncomplicated care will be able to even the gardens that are contraindicated long physical exercise. On a small summer cottage, where every block of land is almost on the weight of gold, this beautiful giant will perform the function of decorative culture or green hedge, and with the onset of autumn will delight with a rich harvest of useful root roots.

In this issue of the magazine, we will consider the peculiarities of cultivation of the Topinambur, we will give the recommendations of specialists and advice of experienced vegetable vegetables, as well as let's stay in more detail on the beneficial properties of the earthen pear and its use in folk medicine and cooking.

The sunflower tubren is a tall perennial grassy plant from the Astrov family. It is also called earthwood pear, drums, Jerusalem artichoke, boulevard or boulevard. However, the most common name is Topinambourism.

The plant has a well-developed root system forming a row of tubers. Depending on the grade, they can be painted in yellow,

white, purple or red. To taste, an earthen pear resembles a turnip either a cabbage knockerel.

A powerful reprehensive stem height from 40 cm to 4 m is branched up and able to withstand strong winds. Bright green foliage has an elongated ovoid shape with a cog-saw edge, grows in order of priority. Topinambur flowers reaches a diameter of 10 cm, in the middle of yellow, along the edges - yellow-golden. On one plant from August to October blooms, as a rule, from 10 to 15 flowers. The fruit has a kind of shallow seed.

This unpretentious culture can grow almost everywhere: in the fields, on the side of roads, on wasteland and in the valleys of rivers. Topinambur, like many other vegetable crops, prefers well-lit and fertile lands, but is able to grow on shaded poor soils.

Currently there are more than 300 varieties and hybrids. this plant: They may differ in the volume of green mass, large vintage tubers, as well as special decorativeness.

By the way

Raw Topinamburg is different sweetish taste, remotely resembling the taste of nuts, and a thermally processed rootpode of task resembles mushrooms.

In Motherland - in North America - this root and today can be found on the extensive areas in the wild. In some European countries, Japan and Australia, Topinambur also grows almost everywhere - like a weed.

In Belarus and in Russia, Topinamburb cultivated most often on the household sections in order to eat - since the crop of this culture is not subject to long-term storage.

The North American Tupinamba tribe must be owned by the North American tribe. In the XVI century, his representatives (along with the fruits of the plant) were brought on a ship to France. The French, not thinking, dubbed new Vegetable Tupinambus, which over time "turned" in Topinambur. Soon the unusual root crust was recognized by the British. And the rest of the world "met" with an earthling pear only in the XIX century.

The vegetable was liked by the Dutch and the Belgians who grown tubers and bore them with butter In wine - like "Punches" artichokes. For this reason, Topinambar was called even underground artichoke in Belgium.

Our ancestors began to grow a Topinambur for therapeutic purposes - as a cure for heart ailments. And only much later, the earthwood pear began to be considered in Russia as a vegetable culture. Moreover, only rich and noble people could initially enjoy such a delicacy. In our Fatherland, Topinambur received its names - an earthen apple, Canadian potatoes and Volzhsky turnip.

Today, Topinambur is grown for eating (tubers you can eat raw, fry, cook or stew, marinate, dry and even add to drinks), as aft culture (the nutrient grassy part of the earthen pear goes to the production of silo and feed for livestock and birds, Hunting farms are harvested by Topinambur for winter feeding of forest animals), in beekeeping (to maintain the medical device), as well as for decorating cottage or pricework. Due to its useful properties, an earthwood pear is used as medicinal plantfacilitating the condition at different illnesses.

To grow this plant with your own hands, you can purchase seeds or several tubers. In the future, the earthen pear will not require much care: this culture does not need not only in the feeding, but also in the weeding - such a giant with ease displaces any weeds. At the same time, one Kush Topinambur is able to give from one to two buckets of useful and delicious tubers, and bright yellow flowers resembling sunflowers will decorate any flower garden. And also, growing a dense wall, the bustle of the earthen pear can protect the crops of other crops from the winds.

Topinambur does not need transplants: it is able to grow and give a harvest in one place for three to four decades.

Topinambur: landing and care

Topinambur grown as in open soiland in containers. In the open ground, the landing of the Topinambur is carried out under the winter (about 2 weeks before the onset of stable cold) or in spring (when the soil warms well). Most often, the earthwood pear breeds the vegetative method - tubers, their parts or eyes, but this culture can be grown from seeds. True, the generative reproduction of the Topinambur is the process of a long and painstaking, requiring special knowledge and skills, so breeders are most often resorted to it.

Earthwood pear equally tolerates both autumn and spring landing. It is only important to remember that whole tubers are planted in the soil in the autumn, and in the spring, when landing, they can be divided into several parts.

Council

For the landing of the Topinambur, it is best to take a well-lit plot removed from other plants to a bush, often reaching a height of 3 m, did not shade them. Experienced vegetables advise to have a bustle of the earthen pear around the perimeter of the garden or along the fence.

By the way

Best of all, according to experts, an earthen pear is coming up if you put it in the fall: in September-October, but not later than the end of October. However, if moles or mice settled on the site, to plant the tubers of the Topinambur in the spring, so that the rodents do not have time to eat them.

In the fall, the landing is carried out, as a rule, 15-20 days before the onset of frosts, in the spring - after it comes down and the soil will warm up to 16-18 ° C. In our climatic zone, this period falls on the second half of April - the first numbers of May.

The seed reproduction of the Topinambur is used quite rarely and is suitable for breeding new varieties (for example, when buying a material by mail). To get a full harvest of an earthwood pear from seeds, you will have to wait for several years. When landing seeds in the first year it is better to grow plants in containers, in this case you can get weak sprouts or bushes in summer. In the spring, young roots digging and transplanted into the soil.

The gardening for the landing of the Topinambur is preparing in advance: for the attachment of landing - in two or three weeks. If you decide to plant the Topinambur in the spring, the soil preparation still needs to begin in the fall. Plot allotted under the Topinambur, drove to the depth of the bayonet shovel, choosing the rhizomes of perennial weeds and adding compost. At the same time, organic fertilizers can be made to the soil (for example, manure, which for the winter hesitates well and becomes an excellent feeding for an earthen pear), and phosphoric-potash fertilizers are made directly when landing.

Topinambur - the plant is unpretentious and able to grow on any basis, but it is not recommended to plant tubers in a flooded soil or to a plot with close grounding water - in this case they will be installed.

On a note

The best place to accommodate the tall Topinambur will be a site at the fence, from a leeward side.

In this case: the embossed green scenes and bright trees of the Topinambur will build the monotonicity of the intake canvas;

• plants will not interfere with the growth of other garden and garden inhabitants;
• near the fence pillars it is easy to foresee the fastening of the supports for the garter of high stems of the Topinambur so that they do not break.

It is worth noting that choose "place of residence" for Topinambur - the task is simple. This culture does not impose special requirements for the mechanical composition and fertility of the soil, the exception is only salt marshes and excessively dense clay soils. However, it is best to grow and fruit an earthling pear will be on suesy low-alkaline or neutral soils (pH within from b to 7.5 units).

Topinamburu will like the plot on which the annual herbs, grain and bean culture. Good predecessors for this plant are potatoes, cucumbers and cabbage. But the soils on which carrots grew up and sunflower was growing, it is better to avoid - the risk of infecting Topinambur in the same ailments and pests that were his predecessors. It is not recommended to plant plants on the bed where the strawberries recently grew, and vice versa. A corn, potatoes, raspberry and currant are best fitted as the neighbors of the earthen pear.

On a note

Since Topinamburba satisfies the soil well useful substances And salts out of it, to resume the fertile properties of the soil, it is often planted after sunflower and other "heavy" for the land of cultures. However, in such conditions of a rich harvest of an earthling pear can not be expected.

Prepare a garden to landing, you need to do planting material. First of all, the landing is selected large (about 6-8 cm) and healthy tubers without damaged eyes and peppers. They must have several kidneys. Only from such a planting material will grow strong plants giving a good vintage tuber.

If the planting material is not enough, tubers of the Topinambur immediately before planting can be cut into several parts. However, we will pay attention again: this technique is allowed only with the spring landing.

I do not highlight separate beds for Topinambur, since this culture quite comfortably feels at any free place on the site (for example, along the hedge). Bands of the earthen pear (which reach a height of 2 m or more) can be perfectly disguised as a compost bunch. The only condition is to avoid too wet places, especially those where rainwater accumulates. If you do not consider these nuances, the plants may even die in a particularly rainy year.

Tatyana Budnik

Tubers who have been confused or dried, you can "reanimate". To do this, it is necessary to pour warm water into the bucket, immerse the planting material into it, cover the container with a damp cloth and leave for 10 minutes.

The planting material can be made by any immunocytophite solution that strengthens the immunity of plants, protects them from diseases and accelerates growth, and you can soak on the night in the zircon preparation solution (at the rate of 1 ml of water).

Prepared tubers are planted into the prepared grooves at a distance of at least 40 cm from each other. The landing depth directly depends on the size of the root plant: small tubers are lowered into the ground by 5-7 cm, larger specimens - by 10-15 cm. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the autumn landing should be somewhat deeper than spring. The recommended width of the rod - 60-70 cm.

Council

So that the roots of the Topinambur did not grow up, over the perimeter of the wells you need to wear an old slate to a depth of 50 cm.

Council

To the Topinambour tubers are well formed, the landing place should be chosen illuminated, it is possible with a little shading.

Adhere to such gaps between individual bushes and ranks is extremely important, because for the summer months of the Topinambur plants

they can reach a height of 3 m or more, creating a solid wall of durable wall on the beds, densely licked stalks, which will seriously make care of the earthy pear.

The landing site is compacted, they are abundantly watered and rammed with robbles. With autumn landing, the garden can be closed with fallen leaves.

As for the departure of the earthlings, it is quite simple. After the appearance of sprouts, the beds are stolen and well loose soil. Moreover, you need to do these procedures in the future you need three times with an interval of 2 weeks.

As a rule, an earthwood pear is perfectly done without an additional irrigation, causing rain moisture. However, during dry weather, the plants will need additional watering: once every 1-1.5 weeks at the rate of 10 to 15 liters of water outlook.

With excessive moisture and frequent landing, the Topinambur may be affected by various types of rot and mucons, and the lack of moisture leads to oppression exchange processes, slowdown in growth, the formation of small, severe tubers. In addition, in drought the root system of the Topinambur more often suffers from soil pests.

It is important to remember that watering the topinambur should not be done if the average daily air temperature is below 15 ° C.

As for additional feeding, they are not vital for earthwood pear - this culture can successfully grow by itself. However, to increase yields and enrich the soil (especially if the deficit of minerals is observed) it can be fertilized. To do this, after the appearance of shoots to the ground, wood ashes, urea or potash fertilizer make.

In the cultural cultivation, it is recommended to feed 2-3 times for the season of vegetation: at the beginning of spring (under the jet of soil), the granules of mineral fertilizers are made, which include nitrogen and potassium, and in the second half of the summer, the garden is watered by the sidewood. As for organic fertilizers, they feed the ground pear every 2-3 years (while mineral feeders spend each year).

Feelable the soil on which the earthen pear grows, best in three stages:

1. compost during soil looser;
2. phosphorian-potash fertilizers when landing;
3. mineral fertilizer during the release of buds.

The best phosphorus-potash fertilizers for the Topinambur are considered dry chicken litter and bone flour.

I do this

If Topinambur grows poorly, feeding it with phosphoric-nitrogen fertilizers. If an earthen pear grows in one place for several years, in the spring and autumn it is impelled into the soil (in the aisle) a mixture of peat and wood ash or overwhelmed dung.

When the shoots of the earthen pear reached a height of 20 cm, they can be emphasized (like potatoes) and, if possible, be filled with urea. Difficultization not only improves the taste of tuber of the Topinambur, but also positively affects the health of plants, and also contributes to the preparation of high yields. Repeated injection in the middle of the summer will help to further increase yield.

Pay attention to another nuance, which must be taken into account when growing a Topinambura: an earthing pear should not grow dormitory. The thickened landings lead to the appearance of small tubers (plants begin simply "crushing" each other, taking power and light). Getting thinning when the height of young plants reaches 10 cm. At the same time, experienced gardens advise adhere to the following indicators: the minimum distance between plants is 45 cm, between rows - 30 cm.

Bushes that grew up to 35-40 cm can be dipped with a garden compartment. As necessary, the procedure is repeated several times per season.

Plants that have reached the meter height can be tied to durable supports. For this landing divide on the bushes, it is wallped with wire and attach to vertical columns. You can use ready-made supports for fruit shrubs. You can also install the edges of the beds with Topinamburg 2 of the reference cola, stretch the wire or thin cord between them and tie the plants to them so that they do not damage the wind and rains.

Another important measure that allows the plant to concentrate all the forces on the formation of tubers, is a cutout cut. The flowering (and the subsequent aging of the seeds) of the Topinambur inhibits the growth of tubers, so buds can be painlessly removed. You can use more radical measures - for example, to cut the bushes to a height of 1.5 m.

Do not rush to cut the above-ground part of the plant in the fall. Best time For this - November Month. Up to this point, Topinambur actively absorbs useful elements from the soil so that the tubers left for the winter in the ground could independently exist on next year. Therefore, if cutting the stems too early, it will reduce the size of tubers and their yield in the future season.

Having heard about the endurance and unpretentiousness of the Topinambur, which can even grow on the side of the roads and wasteland, I, like, probably, many dackets, made a serious mistake - let the process of growing an earthen pear on samonek. Putting the tubers in the soil, "remembered" about them only in the fall, when the time came to dig a harvest. What was my surprise when, under powerful bushes I found only some strongly branched small tubers. So, as neither modest in his requests, Topinambur, without a simple care, still do not do. Before the appearance of sections, I neatly loosen the soil in order to prevent the appearance on the surface of the soil of a dense moisture and airtight crust, and also do not forget about the weeding, removing all the weed vegetation. Do not repeat my mistake, remember that this culture is very responsive to care and even with minimal care will please a good harvest of healthy root roots!

Svetlana Evseeva, Kashira

Topinambur can be grown not only in the open soil, but at home. For this, an earthwood pear is planted into large containers or bins with nutritional soil

and mandatory drainage layer. Care for Topinambury in a container is practically no different from the care of plants in the open soil. It is only important to provide regular watering.

For the landing of the Topinambur, you need to choose small and even tubers in size from about a chicken egg. The landing is carried out in shallow trenches - not deeper 15 cm. In order for an earthen pear to develop normally in the future, the distance between plants in a row should be within 35-45 cm. After planting trenches, I close robbles. I consider a small ridge with a mandatory requirement. If you are going to grow a Topinambur in large quantities, I advise you to adhere to the scheme of 40 x 70 cm (in the row and between the rows respectively).

It is said that the plant is unpretentious and does not require any care, but in fact: the more attention to the agrotechnology, the better the result will be. Yes, an earthling pear can grow independently and even show good crops, but, providing a plant with simple care, fees can be increased several times.

And another advice. In order to assemble a good harvest of the tuber of an earthling pear in the fall, in early August I cut part of the plants together with flowers - the Topinambur bushes should not spend the forces and nutritional elements on flowering and ripening seeds. Their main task is to form large healthy rhizomes.

Pavel Pavlovich Stsherenok

Diseases and pests of Topinambur

Topinambur is most often distinguished by enviable "health", it infrequently suffers from diseases and pests, but for sure to protect the future harvest, it is worth knowing that he can threaten him.

White rot (or sclerotiniosis) Forms a felt plaque from mold on the stalks of the plant. As a result, they sick, and then covered from the inside of black-in-color. Infection, as a rule, occurs through the soil. Drops of temperature and high humidity contribute to the development of the disease. Plants affected by this ailment should be removed as soon as possible from the site and burn.

Alternariasis.

This widespread disease is striking all ground parts of an earthwood pear. The first symptoms of the disease will be dark brown or bright spots with a yellow-willed border on the leaves. With the development of the disease, the stains grow between the velocities of the sheet plate, the cutlets dry together with the leaves. The most effective method of combating alternariasis is the processing of plants by fungicides at temperatures above 18 ° C. Sometimes quite a single processing, but it is better to spend two spraying with an interval of 10-12 days.

Puffy dew.

This disease usually strikes the Topinambur in the second half of the growing season. 0 Its appearance signals a loose white flare from the upper side of the leaves, which over time becomes pinkish or drowned. The affected leaves become fragile and brittle. The spread of the disease contributes hot weather With sharp fluctuations in humidity, as well as excess in the soil of nitrogen. Good result In the fight against this ailment, the Topinambur is handled on the leaves of fungicides: Topaz, "Bay-Leton", "Sorrow", "Topcin" and others. Strongly affected plants are burned and burned outside the site so as not to infect other vegetable cultures.

Concerning garden pestsThe tubers of an earthwood pear came to taste the clots, mice, bear and even slugs that settle right in the tubers and eat them from the inside. The threat to the landings of the Topinambura is also the scoops, may beetles and their larvae. To combat them you can use strong soap mortar, Infusions of bitter wormwood or garlic. Against the mucus of the soil under the juns of the Topinambur sprinkle with dry mustard or tobacco dust, and the pests themselves are collected and destroyed manually. If the presence of pests on the site is known in advance, when preparing the soil for landing, it is additionally recommended to make drugs "Foxim" or "Dongzon".

In order to detect possible pests in a timely manner and reveal the diseases, the Topinambur landing should be inspected regularly. Even if there is no visible signs of lesion, but the plants are withering, losing the leaves or change the color - it is worth alert, since these symptoms may indicate the infection of the ailment or the activity of pests.

In the first week after planting an earthwood pear, it is necessary to loosen the soil to ensure good aeration, remove weeds from landings and rods. When mass searches appear (and this is approximately 15-25 days), it will be necessary to behave carefully, so as not to damage them, but it is impossible to stop loosening the soil and remove the weeds. By the time the plants reach the height of 40-50 cm, they must be emphasized, and when the height approaches 100 cm, the treasures of the topinambur will need to be tiered. Since it is practically unrealistic to install support for each stem, I use wire supports with metal or wooden base racks.

To increase yields, during the flowering of Topinambura, we take such actions. First, I continue to dip the plants. Secondly, I cut the Topinambur flowers so that the plant will allow all juices on the development of tubers. And finally, I put in the soil of organic fertilizer (for example, an aqueous solution on siturates).

Vitaly Salkiewicz

Selection of Topinambura variety

Before you choose your choice on a specific grade of this vegetable, you must first answer the question: why the Topinambur harvest will be used. In the case of an earthen pear, gardeners, as a rule, do not bother with the search for a certain variety, and with pleasure take to breed tubers from familiar or neighbors in the country area and grow them. Thus, the "pezzard" vegetable applies to a specific region.

Of course, it is suitable for use in food, can act as healing tools In the treatment and prevention of various ailments and even applied as an element of landscape design (by the way, a live fence from Kustiki Topinambura will protect the plot from neighboring chickens). In a word, its main tasks of such a vegetable performs. However, if you want more from the earthen pear, you have to search for a certain variety.

So, a Topinambur, having an increased tuber formation, will become an excellent find for those who plan to sell a vegetable or use it for feeding animals. Distinctive trait Such varieties are a small green mass.

If the plant is planned to be grown for manufacture medicinal preparations, Preference is worth giveing \u200b\u200bto varieties that have a tuber's yield is not very high, but the green mass is pleased with a large volume.

If you want to create a stylish fence on the plot with an earthwood pear, it is better to choose decorative varieties with brown greens. However, the harvest in this case should not count.

Currently, domestic and foreign breeders withdrawn a large number of Topinambur hybrids with improved characteristics. However, work in this direction continues. Its goal is to bring the Topinambur varieties with the compact placement of tubers in the soil, as the root system with the nurseries formed on it creates and stirrer and in depth. Another priority direction in breeding work is to increase the thickness of the stem for forage varieties of the plant. The third important task is to eliminate the zoned varieties of Topinambur.

The existing Topinambur varieties can be divided into fodder and tuber. The first give a high harvest of green mass, however form a little tuber - it is them that they are grown in industrial scale. With tuber grades, the opposite is the opposite. And the fodder, and the tuber varieties of earthling pear in maturation timing are divided into early and late.

We invite you to get acquainted with some of the most common varieties of Topinambur, among which you can choose the one that best will be suitable for growing on your summer cottage or household plot.

By the way

A varieties of Russian selection are common: red, patient, white, find, spindle-shaped, Vadim, Volzhsky 2, Leningradsky. In an industrial scale, high-yielding varieties are cultivated. Not so long ago, the Russian state policy of breeding achievements was complemented by a new variety of Topinambur - Omsk White.

Volzhsky 2. Tall plant with rounded green-brown coat stem. Along it, the pair-opposite is the heart-shaped, weakly-minded green leaves. Floral basket flat, rounded, pubescent. Flowers saturated yellow color. Pear-like tubes, white, with a weak purple tint, develop on shortened columns. Root system Compact plants. The period from shoots to flowering lasts about 100 days. Plants of this variety are resistant to frost and drought. Medium yield Polls reaches 150 c / ha, and green mass - 200 c / ha. The variety is suitable for mechanized cleaning.

Halgot. The plants of this variety form a splashing bush with a juicy, thick, pubescent stem with an anthocyan one in the areas of intersals and the base of the cherry. The leaves are large, elongated-pointed shape, along the residences weakly are lowered with rigid versinks. Yellow tubers, elongated shape. From landing to cleaning on green food takes place about 125 days. Variety is resistant to early freeze. The clubs remaining wintering in the soil, the safety is approaching 100%.

The maximum yield of tubers of the Topinambur of this variety was 107 c / ha, and the green mass is 346 c / ha.

Interest. Tall variety of late ripening time with extensive, powerfully developed medieval bristing stem. Large leaves, dark green, rough. Tubers are white, with smooth skin and deep eyes of medium size. Plants impose increased demanding to moisture, well tolerate heat and cold. The average yield of this variety of the Topinambur is about 265 c / ha tubers and 436 c / ha Green mass.

Leningradsky. The plant is strongly branched, corruptible form. The stem of dark green color with a weak anthocyano color is strongly sourced. The leaves are green, rough, elongated egg-shaped, with rare-gear edge. The duration of the vegetative period is up to 140 days. Teleberry white, medium size, elongated shape. Have a high (90% or more) degree of preservation when wintering in the soil. Maximum yield reaches 498 c / ha, green mass - 420 centners / ha.

Nakhodka. Plants with pubescent stem have large triangular rounded leaves light green Colors with equal-toothed edges. The location of the leaves is alternate, but not symmetrical. The vegetative period lasts about 190 days. Clubs of small sizes, pear-shaped, white color with pinkish residences around the eyes. The advantages of this variety include the compact location of the root system in the soil. The average yield rate of the Topinambur tuber of the specified variety is 350 centners / ha. The variety is suitable for mechanized cultivation.

Radine. Plants of this variety form a good branched green stem with an anthocyan spraying. Leaves of heart-shaped, with rugged large jar edging, dark green, rough. Rounded tubers coated with smooth white leather. The root system is compact.

The vegetative period from planting to the green mass of the Topinambur of this variety takes up to 120 days (which is 50 days ahead of the development of Volvesky variety 2). The average yield of tubers is about 250 c / ha, and green mass - 268 c / ha. Tubers have a good frost resistance when wintering in the soil. The advantages of this variety can also be attributable for lighting. Suitable for mechanized processing.

Pasko. Plants are tall, strongly bushy, consist of weak stalks. Leaves are large, wide-shaped shape with a pointed top and heart-shaped base. Basket rounded, small. Tubers weighing about 80 g of oval shape, white color. Pasko refers to the varieties of the tube. The vegetative period lasts until 190 days. The average yield of tubers reaches 308 c / ha, green mass - 354 c / ha. This Topinambur variety is recommended for ubiquitous cultivation.

Solar. The plants of this variety are tall (above 2 m), moderate bushes, consist of strong-tetwist stems. The leaves are large, green, rough, elongated-egg-shaped with rounded base and a pointed top.

Basket large, rounded. Middle-sized tubers stretched elliptical shape, white, weighing about 60 g. Sunny refers to the varieties of the tube. The duration of the vegetative period is about 170 days. The average green weight yield rate is 320 c / ha, tubers - up to 400 c / ha. The variety is recommended for ubiquitous cultivation.

Omsk white. This mid-spring variety of Topinambur is valued for the friendly ripening of tubers. Plants with high central stem (more than 2 m) moderate thickness of medium business. The surface of the stem is bristle, green with a weak anthocyan one. Green color leaves are medium, with rounded base. Basket small. Single flowers, approximately the same height, size and density. Small charo-shaped tubers, weighing about 55 g. The maximum yield rate is up to 430 c / ha with productivity of 1.3 kg / bush. The duration of the vegetative period is 130 days. Sort is suitable for ubiquitous cultivation

Early varieties of Topinambura (red, patient, rapid, white, spindle-shaped) give a harvest by the third decade of September and can be grown even in regions with severe winters. However, in the conditions of risky farming on wintering in the soil, the tuber of an earthwood pear is better not to leave, but to transfer them into cold basements, wrapping and stored under the sand layer, using in food as needed.

From the late varieties of Topinambur worth paying attention to interest, hybrid 320 and news. Late varieties Form a full-fledged harvest by November, so little in the northern and cold regions is common.

In recent years, it is possible to meet the hybrids obtained when crossing the Topinambur with sunflower. Such culture is called topisuns. They are somewhat different from the Topinambur on the external Gabitus and the structure of the bushes: more shorter, thin-scale, with big amount Inflorescences (up to 1 cm in diameter, yellow flowers only). Topis Flower tubers are absolutely smooth, the Topinambur has small (like hairs) roots scattered over the surface of the tuber. The hybrids of the delight and news of the virgin have proven well.

It is worth noting that topistors saved therapeutic and dietary properties Topinambur and purchased the useful properties of sunflower.

• Topinambur can be grown in one place up to 40 years without damage to the soil.
• An earthwood pear is planted with tubers like ordinary potatoes.
• Topinamburb is a good frost resistance and even low negative temperatures easily tolerate. Green shoots are not terrible freezing to - 5 ° C, and tubers - frosts up to -40 ° C.
• In the southern regions, an earthwood pear is recommended to land on the bed in the fall, and in the northern (regions of the so-called risky agriculture) - in the spring period.
• The most abundant yields of Topinambar gives in the next few years after the first planting of tubers in the soil, and since the fifth year, yields will gradually decline.
• The average yield of the adult Topinambura bush can reach up to 2 buckets of tubers.
• In the middle of the summer, it is recommended to trim the turbulent bushes to a height of no more than 1.5 m. In addition, all inflorescences are also removed.
• Autumn cold is a landmark that it is time to remove the stems of an eating pear, leaving no more than 30 cm above the soil level. At about the same time, you can begin harvesting.

Topinambur's tubers ripen, as a rule, at least 120 days. It is not necessary to hurry with harvest, since the fruits of the earthen pear are digging too early to the right quality no longer divert.

Topinambur digging in the spring (before the earth warms) or in the fall (as soon as it starts to freeze the soil). The tubers of this culture, being in the soil, can carry frost to -40 ° C. However, both specialists and experienced vegetables converge in the opinion that for winter a plot with an earthing pear is better to cover with straw, dry leaves and cut stems, as well as a layer of snow.

With autumn harvesting at a time best to dig so many tubers as you can use it in food for the winter, the rest of the harvest is better to leave in the ground until spring - in the period spring Avitaminosis He will have to be very powerful. It is important not to forget to remove the harvest before the onset of warm days, otherwise the tubers will give a piggy, and Topinambur will turn out of useful and tasty vegetable in weed

The most useful tubers of the Topinambur are immediately after cleaning, because during the storage (as a result of hydrolysis), part of the Inulin turns into fructose. There is nothing harmful in this, especially for diabetics, which fructose replaces sugar.

Store Topinambourism as well as other root. Best suitable for this purpose, a box with sand, placed in a cellar or a basement. However, before bookmarking the storage of dug-up tubers of an earthwood pear, you need to rinse and dry well. Humidity in such premises should be high, and the temperature is low (not higher than 4 degrees with a plus sign).

And even better, the Topinambar will continue if the roots of the plant and the roots and the nearers, and then, without shaking the earth, fold the roots in an ordinary bag or a box. From above, an earthen pear is falling asleep by moisturized sand or earth. This method, of course, is more laborious, but it will allow you to preserve tubers throughout the winter.

Urban residents due to the lack of cellars can keep a Topinambourist on a warmed balcony or loggia, since the rooteplood is not afraid of even multiple frosts and defrosts and does not lose its taste quality and beneficial properties. For the storage of the Topinambur on the balcony, bags with wet sawdust or sand will be required. The moisture will protect the harvest from drying and ensures the correct microclimate. It is important that there are no straight sun rays on the bags with the tubers, because with a slight increase in temperature, the earthwood pear will again go into growth.

A small number of tubers can be kept in a vegetable box of the refrigerator.

Dug -led tubers of earthwood pear are well stored even on the street in the Barts, it is enough to suspend them as it should be snowing and hiding from above straw.

Tubers who choose in the spring are better suited for a new landing. They contain more sugar than vegetables collected in autumn.

Topinambur Growing - Video

Application of Topinambur: benefit and harm

Topinambur (or earthlings) is a natural leakage of almost the entire body. Thanks to this plant, a hippocratic slogan can be realized that our food should be our medicine.

According to mine nutritional properties Earthwood pear exceeds potatoes and beets. Juice, stems, leaves and roots of Jerusalem artichoke are used to treat the most various diseases. Healing properties Topinambur is due to the special chemical composition of this plant. The antioxidant properties of the tubren sunflower are caused by the presence of amber, crimson, apple, fumaric acids in it. The vegetable contains about 8% silicon, so even a small amount of Topinambur can satisfy the daily need of a person in this element.

An earthen pear is rich in potassium, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and zinc, and vitamins B and with in it more than in beets, carrots and potatoes, 3 times. Pectines included in the composition of the vegetable cleans the body, positively affect the work of the intestine and prevent the accumulation of cholesterol in the blood. In addition, the tuber's sunflower contains up to 22% inulin, which makes it a unique natural medicine to reduce blood glucose levels. It is for this reason that the plant is widely used in the production of food for diabetics. The tubers are rich in protein - up to 3.2% of the total mass of the root.

At the same time, Topinambe does not absorb from the soil heavy metals And suitable for food regardless of the place where it has grown.

Nutritional value of Topinambura

Regular use of only 100 g of raw messenger to the day for 3 months will help clean the body from toxins. The trace elements contained in the Topinambur will help strengthen the vessels and will benefit at work. of cardio-vascular system. At the same time, the earthen pear may well replace pharmacy potassium magnesium complexes. Regular use of the Topinambur will help in the treatment of anemia, contributes to the normalization of pressure and reduce blood sugar. Helps a vegetable with dysbacteriosis, urolithiasis, gout, deposition of salts, obesity and anemia. And Topinambur is able to remove nausea and stop vomiting.

Nutritional value of Topinambura

Scientists conducted an experiment with Topinamburg. The vegetable was planted on lands infected with radiation after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. As studies have shown, the earthwood pear turned out to be quite suitable for food, because no harmful component has absorbed.

• for the prevention of diabetes;
• to normalize blood pressure;
• for diseases of the gastrointestinal diseases;
• to protect against viral infections;
• to increase the level of hemoglobin in the blood.

Eating tubers Topinambur (in parallel with drug treatment of diseases!) Promotes more rapid recovery - including due to improving immunity and thanks to the elimination of toxins from the body.

This vegetable has almost no contraindications to use, but an excessive passion for an emitting pear may cause meteorism. Remember, any product when moving may cause discomfort.

Elena Krivolap, therapist

With diabetes mellitus.

Not only folk, but also official medicine recognizes that Topinambur has healing properties and recommends it for the prevention, treatment of diabetes mellitus I and type II. Finding into the human body, inulin penetrates into organs and replaces glucose in metabolic processes, thanks to which the cells are obtained by the necessary energy. Since inulin helps to adjust the glucose suction, it is possible to achieve a decrease in blood sugar concentration. Due to this, the health of the patient is improved. Moreover, the stabilization of glucose content can become a catalyst that will force the pancreas to produce their own insulin.

Tip: When diabetes, eat boiled or fresh refinery of the Topinambur 3 times a day each piece 15 minutes before meals.

For the treatment of joints. Topinambur is rich in silicon, and this element participates in the processes of growth and division of cells of synovial shells, which are inside the joints. Regular use of earthwood pear will reduce pain and relieve joint joints. This vegetable must necessarily enter the diet of people suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and radiculitis.

Tip: Only 50 g of an earthen pear per day fill the daily need of a person in silicon.

For fractures of bones, tensile ligaments, with osteochondrosis, arthritis and arthrosis are useful to drink daily at half a glass of freshly squeezed juice of earthen pear. Effective in this case there will be a bath with a decoction of leaves and stems of the Topinambur.

For its preparation, 1.5 kg of fresh green peopinambura or 0.5 kg of dry mass is required. Vegetable raw materials pour 7 liters of water, bring to a boil and let it stand for an hour. The decoction is added to the bath, filled with water with a temperature of about 40 ° C. Take such a healing bath follows no more than 15 minutes.

With caution, you should consider this procedure to hypertensive: it is not necessary to completely abandon treatment, just follow the level of blood pressure. To achieve maximum medical effect, it is recommended to repeat the procedure daily for 3 weeks.

At home, from earthwood pear can be prepared and rubbing for joints, which will help relieve pain. To do this, it is necessary to finely cut root roots, fill with them a half-liter jar and pour vodka. Insist in a dark place for two weeks, periodically shaking.

With pancreatitis. The disease of the pancreas is most often accompanied by a violation of metabolic processes and a worsening of blood supply. The use of Topinambur can not only improve metabolic processes, but also to remove inflammation.

Tip: in the diseases of the pancreas, it is necessary to eat about 150 g of the refinery of the Topinambur daily (before that, the vegetable is thoroughly washed and used with the peel), use it in boiled and dried, drink decoction from the root.

With pancreas diseases, it is not recommended to eat sauer, baked or fried Jerusalem artichoke. Cooked in one of these ways, the Topinambur will contribute to the irritation of the gastric mucosa.

Earthwood pear is a real find for those who want to reduce their weight, as the syrup of this vegetable can be replaced with sugar.

For weight loss. Regular use of the Topinambur will help get rid of excess weight. The root contains a large amount of fiber that is capable of cleaning the body from slags and toxins, thereby accelerating the metabolism.

Tip: Caloric content of 100 g of an earthling pear is only 61 kcal, so it is perfect for the preparation of dietary dishes.

During pregnancy . Since the earthen pear is rich in vitamins and trace elements, the root plant is useful to use future mothers. It will contribute to the filling of the body by calcium and other useful substances.

Tip: Topinambur has a laxative effect and is recommended for pregnant women who suffer from constipation.

To this end, it is necessary to use it in the raw form.

Topinambur benefit for male health. Representatives of the strong floor of vitamins, micro- and macroelements contained in the Topinambur will also go only. And concerns this men of all ages.

Tip: If you regularly include dishes in the menu with this root plant, you can significantly reduce the risk of developing diseases of the urogenital system. And with daily use of earthen pear, you can prevent problems with potency and even the development of prostate adenoma.

In Japan, America and Holland from the tuber of Topinambura are preparing coffee.

During World War II, many families did not die from hunger thanks to this root.

Useful properties of the Topinambur: Recipes

Decoction to reduce blood pressure. 3 tbsp. l. The grinding tubers of the Topinambur pour 1 l of water, bring to a boil and boil 5 minutes on a small fire. The cooled leaky decoction drove throughout the day in several techniques. You can store the decoction in the refrigerator no more than 10 days. Such a means will help to normalize the pressure and "calm" the rapid heartbeat.

Brigade to increase hemoglobin. 5 tbsp. l. The grinding tubers of an earthwood pear pour 1 l of water and boiled 15 minutes after boiling. The cooled decoction is filtered and drink 3 times a day during a meal of 75 ml before improving the condition.

Vitamin infusion. 3 tbsp. l. Dried topinambur leaves are brewed in 1 liter of water, covered with a lid and leave one day in a dark place. Remedy drink 100 ml

twice a day - before breakfast and before bedtime. Infusion can be used as an anti-infinite agent.

Infusion for the normalization of metabolic processes. 1 Middle Size Topinambur Nuber grind and press the juice through several layers of gauze. The resulting volume of juice is diluted with 75 ml of water and drink. The tool normalizes digestion and helps to reduce blood pressure.

From heartburn and headaches. From the purified and crushed tubers of the Topinambur, the juice is squeezed with juice. Drink 2 tbsp. l. Juice diluted by the same amount of water. The tool helps to normalize the pressure. Store squeezed juice needed in the refrigerator.

Topica Topinambura. Fresh earthen pear flowers are crushed, poured with alcohol in a proportion of 1: 3 and insist in a dark place for 14 days. The finished tincture is taken 3 times a day after a meal of 30-40 drops during overwork, chronic fatigue, impotence.

Powder Topinambura. The use of this fund will help improve digestion, will help get rid of dysbiosis and derive toxins from limit. To prepare, finely chopped tubers of the Topinambur are dried in the sun and crushed to the state of the powder. Take 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day, drinking water.

In the cosmetology of Topinambur tuber, due to the high content of the useful elements, used to prepare masks. Their use contributes to improving the color of the face and smoothing small wrinkles, and also saturates the skin with nutrients.

Rejuvenating mask. Clean the 2 roofing pear root and grind them with a blender. The resulting cleaner is applied to a thick layer on the skin of the face and the zone of neckline. We leave for 15 minutes, and then wash off warm water.

Toning mask. We rub the Jerusalem artichoke on a small grater, add some natural honey and olive oil. Optionally, you can add a couple of droplets of tea tree essential oil. Everyone is thoroughly mixed and applied to the skin of the face and the zone of neckline. Keep 20 minutes, and then wash off warm water.

Peeling. Proinproflodes of the Topinambur grind and press juice. Add some lemon acid (or citrus essential oil) and sea salt. We make a mass of cautious circular movements on the skin of the face, wash off warm water. Such a procedure will help clean the skin from damaged particles and pigmentation, contributes to its update. It is necessary to conduct it once a week.

I do this

If you feel discomfort in the intestine, if you have eaten a poor-quality product and there is a suspicion of poisoning, treated with Topinamburg. For this, during the day I drank 100 ml of the juice of an earthwood pear at least 3 times a day before meals.

Pavel Pavlovich St Skenet, Stupino

Tonic for dehydrated, prone to peeling and skinproof. For its preparation, a small amount of turbulent juice mix with mineral water. The resulting liquid can be wiped or sprinkled through the day. For beneficial properties, the tonic is not inferior to such a popular micellar water today.

The Topinambur contains substances necessary to strengthen hair bulbs and improve hair growth - ascorbic acid, iron, copper and zinc. Lack of iron is one of the most common causes of hair loss. Thanks to copper, you can prevent premature gray and maintain weakened hair. And vitamin C improves you to work the collagen necessary to strengthen the hair follicle.

With regular use of the Topinambur, the body will receive the beneficial substances necessary for hair recovery. And for outdoor use, you can cook home-based homemade hair care treatments:

• to eliminate the dandruff, you need to apply a mask containing an earthing pear juice after each hair washing;
• the decoction of fresh leaves of the Topinambur will help prevent baldness. For its preparation, the leaves are boiled on a small heat for about 3 hours. The resulting agent is rubbed into the scalp every day.

Recipes of Topinambur dishes - which can be prepared from it

It is useful to use Topinambourism in the food in the cheese. Nutritionists are recommended to add only 100-150 g of earthling pear into a salad (for example, three small roots) - and after a week your well-being will be better. And with a longer regular use, you can get rid of not only from accumulated toxins and slags, but also some health problems. This result can be achieved in 3 months.

Before use in food, the root is thoroughly rinsed in water. It is recommended to use the brush to remove all particles of the Earth from the vegetable. Since the skin of the earthen pear is very thin, it is not necessary to cut it, it is enough just to remove both tips from the tuber, as well as damaged areas.

We have already said that Topinambur is often recommended to include in the diet of diabetics. And here is the question of how there is an earthling pear with this disease? According to the physicians, it is possible to use the root, as precious, as well as ordinary potatoes: in boiled, fried, stewed or baked, with oil, meat, sour cream, etc.

Dietary casserole from Topinambur

Several tubers of the Topinambour are well rinsed under the jet of warm water (if necessary, use a brush) and rub on the grater. Mashed on the stove on a small amount of vegetable oil, slightly spilling. The resulting Cashitz distribute the anti-surface surface, pour it with a mixture of low-fat milk, whipped eggs and semolina. The filled form is placed in the oven and baked for 30 minutes at 185 degrees. We apply to the table in the hot.

Icra from Topinambura

My darling pear is under the jet of warm water. We cut into pieces and shops until readiness. Ready Topinambur grind in a puree with a blender or meat grinder. To the resulting fragrant cleaner, add salt and spices (which you like more), tomato paste, passerized carrots and onions. The number of ingredients is determined by eye. The finished dish is placed in the clay pot, we close and tomize at 175 degrees in the oven for an hour. You can even preserve such caviar from the earthen pear, the spare of the future.

Topinambur salad with radish

We take in arbitrary proportions of tubers of the Topinambura and radish, carefully them, we clean from the peel and rub on a large grater. We add any chopped greens to the salad (optionally, you can add green-bow feathers), salt and spices and refill sour cream.

Salad "Summer"

For simple and fast lettuce, 2 tuber of the medium sized refinement, 2 small cucumbers and 2 small tomatoes are required. Salt and pepper add to taste. For refueling, you can use any vegetable oil, but the best linen. At the request of the salad you can add fresh greens: kinza, parsley, dill, green onions.

We rinse vegetables well, thinly clean from the skin (if required) and proceed to grinding. Earthwood pear rubbed on the grater, and cucumbers and tomatoes finely crumbling cubes. All components connect in one big bowl, add spices and greens and refuel linen oil. All thoroughly mix. Ready vitamin salad served to the table as a delicious and useful snack.

I also want to note that fresh earthwood pear is perfectly combined with sweet-sweet apples, carrots, bell pepper, sauerkraut, celery, onions and other ingredients. Therefore, from the earthen pear you can constantly prepare completely different dishes that will not be bored.

Natalia Pavlovna Voloshina, Gomel Rn

The first dishes from Topinambur are greatly suitable for both baby food (including for young children) and adults.

Soup from earthwood pear

For its preparation, we need cauliflower or broccoli (about 100 g), one big juicy carrot, one bulb and one sweet bell pepper. If you like celery, be sure to add to soup and it - no more than 100 g. The amount of salt and spices can be used at their discretion.

To prepare the first dish, be filled with a saucepan on 2/3 with ordinary water and bring it to a boil. In boiling water, we lay out chopped carrots, broccoli cabbage (or cauliflower), onions, sweet pepper, celery and Topinambur. At the same time, the tuber is advisable to grate on the grater or cut into pieces of medium sized. Cook our diet soup on slow heat for about 15 minutes. When all the vegetables become soft, add fresh greens. We break out the soup on the plates and in a hot form we feed to the dining table.

Tip: If you want to get more fragrant soup, you can additionally add fresh champignons to the broth or any other mushrooms.

Tatyana Olegovna Vrublevskaya, Nesvizh

Cooking Topinambur does not take away a lot of time - cook, stew or fry this vegetable is needed about 15 minutes.

Coffee from earthwood pear

To prepare the Topinambur tuber, they wash well in hot water using brush, and then poured with steep boiling water and leave for a few minutes. After that, the liquid is drained, and the earthwood pear is dried, cut into small pieces and roasted in a frying pan without adding oil. The finished cooled root of the root in the coffee grinder. Brew the same as ordinary coffee.

If for some reason you cannot eat ordinary potatoes, then in the process of cooking it can easily be replaced by an earthwood pear, because in its taste quality, fried, boiled or baked to the Topinambe is practically no different from the mentioned vegetable.

Tancakes from Topinambura

For cooking, 2 tuber of the Topinambur will be required, 1 large carrot, a small piece of pumpkin, the head of the reptile bow (finely grated), 2 chicken eggs and several spoons of flour. Salt and spices are added to taste.

All vegetables need to be washed, clean and grate on a large grater, add eggs, flour, salt and spices to them. Dough for vegetable foddes should be dense and viscous. Fry pancakes in a heated vegetable oil from two sides until ready, and then lay out on paper towels - so that the stack is excess fat.

The finished dish is supplying warm with sour cream and tomato sauce.

Chop Cutlets with Topinamburg

Large tubers of earthwood pear cut plates. Heating

i eat vegetable oil in a pan, lay the slices of the Topinambur, and from above - chops (chicken or pork). We reduce the fire, cover the frying pan with a lid and shops until readiness. I turn over only chops, leaving slices of the Topinambur in place. Serve to the table, sprinkling with greens.

Tartlets with Topinamburg

We rub the prepared earthwood pear on a large grater and fry on vegetable oil. Steamed rice boil until readiness, mix with a finely chopped egg (boiled screw) and Topinamburg. Let's fill all sour cream.

The resulting mixture is laid out in tartlets and baked in the oven.

VEGETABLE STEW

Eggplants, Topinambourg and tomatoes cut into slices, onions - half rings. The onions boil in a small amount of water, add eggplants to it and cook for about 5 minutes. After that, add the slices of Topinambur to the pan and keep on the fire for another 3 minutes. Tomatoes in Rag are added only after we remove the saucepan from the fire. Mix the dish, cover with a lid and let it brew at least 30 minutes. Serve with finely chopped greens.

Facreen Soup in Rustic

Topinambar cut into cubes, blanch for 5 minutes, and then fry in a frying pan with butter and onions in a frying pan. White beans (pre-clouded overnight) boil to half-readiness and refuel the fried Topinamburg. Cook until the beans are ready. When applying, add chopped greens.

tightly closed lid. The resulting mass is puririzing in a blender or overgrown through a fine sieve.

Finely chopped spinach passover in 30 g of butter. Cooking broth from water, bulbs, carrots and laurels. Fix it. Mashed from the Topinambur whipped with broth to the desired consistency, add a roasted spinach and refuel salt and spices to taste.

Soup soup from earthwood pear

For the basics of soup sliced \u200b\u200bwith slices of Topinamb Masters with the addition of a small amount of oil on a slow heat to a complete softening (depending on the variety and quality of the vegetable - up to 1.5 hours) under

The inhabitants of America often replace the usual potatoes and serves an earthen pear with fried sausages, bacon and fresh vegetables. In Europe, this product is more often combined with various varieties of cheese, olives and anchovies, and also used in bird dishes in combination with cream.

And Topinambur will become the perfect companion for forest fungi and game, balancing their intensive taste and giving the dish softness and sophistication.

An earthling pear can be served as a separate ingredient or mix with other products in salads and snacks, first and main dishes, prepare desserts from it and even cooking coffee.

People diagnosed with celiac disease (wheat intolerance) recycle an earthen pear in flour and prepare baking from it.

Topinambur is used in the production of certain types of brandy, as well as as a source of ethanol for the manufacture of biofuels.

Bread with Topinamburg

Two medium-sized topinambur tuber, we clean and cut as much as possible. Put in a bowl, add 480 g of wheat flour, 1 h. Soda and baking powder and 0.5 h. l. Salt. Mix well.

2 stems of basilica, cilantro and coriander, as well as sage stalk

fairy and celery stem with a knife and add to the bowl. One carrot, half of the middle turnip and half of the average pastener we rub on a shallow grater and shift to the Topinambur. Pour 120 ml of milk, 2 tbsp. l. Maple syrup and smear the dough. If it turns out to be too thick, add water. If you do not have a maple syrup, you can replace it with liquid honey.

The prepared mass is shifted in a lubricated oil form for baking and send an oven to heated to 180 degrees. Cooking time is about 30 minutes. The bread will be ready when the toothpick inserted into it will remain dry.

Puffs with an earthwood pear

We defrun 500 g of puff trimming dough. 1 kg of apples and 2 Topinambur rubbed on a shallow grater and put in the frying pan. Add 1 tsp. Orange zest, half of the sugar and shops for 5 minutes. Dough cut to rectangles. On one side of each rectangle lay out the filling and cover the second side, the edges are replaced. Lubricate each puff whipped yolk, sprinkle sugar and leave for 10 minutes. Then we shift the puffs on the baking sheet and bake in the oven for 20 minutes at a temperature of 180 ° C.

Salty Topinambur

Prepared with earthen pear tubers cut into thin slices and circles. Tightly fit into glass or enameled dishes, fill with cold brine, we put a wooden circle on top and oppression. For the preparation of brine on 1 liter of water, 1.5-2 tbsp. l. Salt. We leave in the dark room for fermentation for 2-3 days, then transferred to a cool place. Salted Topinamburb will be ready after 15-20 days. Its slices can be added to the vinaigrette, use as a snack or side disk.

In addition to a variety of dishes, delicious and incredibly useful, syrup is also prepared from the Topinambur. This sweet product obtained from tuber contains fructs - rare polymers that differ from glucose and fructose and are more useful for the body than refined sugar. Such syrup can be bought at the pharmacy, and you can independently prepare at home from the tuber of the Topinambur. Especially since the recipe for its preparation is very simple.

Syrup from Topinambura

Tubers rinse in water with a brush and thin layer cut the peel. Grate on the grater and squeeze the juice through the gauze (or use the juicer). The resulting juice heat to a temperature of 50-55 degrees, a little bit off, remove from the fire and cool. Take all this three times. At the same time, the juice loses moisture and thickens. After that, add lemon juice to syrup (at the rate of 1 ppm per 1 liter), pour over sterile banks and put into the refrigerator.

Topinambur syrup can be added instead of sugar in tea and compote, as well as in any desserts. In addition, the syrup of the earthen pear (like the tubers themselves) has many useful properties: enhances immunity, improves the intestinal work and metabolism, reduces cholesterol levels, strengthens the bones and joints, improves the work of the cardiovascular system and the overall condition of the body.

Topinambur-based weight loss diet

Such a diet is very effective, but should not last more than 5 days. At this time, you need to forget about pastries, pickled and fatty delicacies, limit (or completely eliminate) the use of salt and sugar.

During the day, it is necessary to use as much dishes as possible only from this vegetable, and refuel them with any vegetable oil. The exception is only a breakfast, which should consist of familiar products. On the

lunch and dinner, in addition to salad with Topinambury, you can use fish or low-fat meat (in boiled or baked form). Fans of the first courses can cook cream soup from Topinambura (several tubers of Topinambura and 1 bulb finely cut and fry on vegetable oil, add to vegetable broth and cook until ready, grind in a blender and add a little sour cream).

Thanks to such a diet, it is possible not only to lose weight, but also to improve health.

Topinambur as a fodder culture

For the feeding of farm animals, Topinambur is used as stems with leaves and tubers. At the same time, the feed value of tubers in half the feederness, for example, feed beet. The plant is well silos, its greens can be used to prepare herbal flour, hay. Clean the green mass twice per season. The first time the plants are cut with a height of about a meter, after which young shoots are developing out of the sinuses of the remaining leaves. The second slice of the Green Topinambur is produced in September.

Jealously eaten the Topinambourism (both of the tops and roots) almost all animals in the farm or peasant economy - cows, horses, goats, sheep, pigs. Since the cleaning of the Zeleni Topinambura falls on October, when the pasture season ends (the meadow grass loses its taste and nutritional qualities), the use of Topinambur allows you to significantly move the start of feeding with Sen.

The tubers can be fed by animals in the raw form, right after digging (enough to smooth them from the ground). Harmful Solanina, as in potato cheese, there is no Topnambura, so raw feeding is possible under any conditions. The tubers (which are highly bypass nutritious food), left for spring, will be a real help in the period when winter feed end. The easiest way this season digs up the required number of tubers right before feeding animals.

Other methods of applying Topinambur

A live fence from Topinambur looks externally, it works spontaneously, but its destination performs 100%. Each variety of this culture looks attractive. Beautiful flowers will delight to the most frosts, and their bright yellow shade will revive the adjacent territory. It will be especially appropriate to look a hedge from Topinambur if you decide to arrange your area in the rustic style.

Topinambur is able to protect the flower garden from cold winds. It is planted in the form of a windproof belt.

An earthwood pear can hide an apiary from the wind and will additionally allow to get a late medical cell. Commodity honey is so difficult to obtain, however, the last bribe stimulates the uterus to continue to postpone the larvae: the bees believe that there is enough food to fade, and therefore you can get a young bee in sufficient quantities. For this reason, every beekeeper is useful to plant an earthwood pear near the apiary.

Topinambur - the plant is certainly useful and quite decorative, but in some cases it can be strongly spread through the territory of the country or the indental area, and it will be quite difficult to withdraw it.

Many of us do not pay for landing of an earthwood pear of special attention, more "advanced" dacms use it for the preparation of various dishes and healing agents, and someone considers an earthen pear as a green fence. And almost no one thinks in advance how difficult it will be to withdraw the Topinambourism. What is it

can prevent the plot? The fact is that this culture creates quite quickly and occupies a large land area, on which there is no place for vegetable crops and decorative plants. This problem is especially acute for the owners of small sites, where the practical every block of the Earth is the weight of gold.

Most often, the fight against the "occupant" begins with the simplest destroying: the above-ground part of the plants is cut down, and the fine pig is riveted with a chopper or removed with a flat. As practice shows, this approach does not give results: it is possible to pull the bed with a Topinamburg, to pull it out with the root, trying to extract all the root remnants from the soil, - but the next spring it grows again, because it is possible to find the roots of an earthwood pear even at the depth of half a meter.

To achieve maximum success, on the site of the Topinambur landing, you need to dig a hole with a depth of one meter, as well as to expand it to the side at least on the meter. Thus, if a plot with an earthwood pear occupies a couple of square meters, it will have to shift at least ten cubes of soil. This method does not frighten only the owners of mini-tractors, but for the people of old age and is not suitable at all.

An interesting solution to the problem is offered by some heigners-experimenters: to say goodbye with an earthwood pear literally in one season you can, simply oat the zucchini.

Chemical preparations that are used to destroy weeds, for example, "Roundap" or "Hurricane" can be used as a "heavy artillery". The solution of these herbicides of high concentration (or even a pure drug) is treated with an overhead part. A week later, the plant will almost die.

Cardboard, boards, rubberoid or film are perfectly suitable in order to limit air and sunlight access to the young peopinambur. First of all, you need to try to dig all the roots, tackle the soil, pressing into it, for example, old boards, tightly folding them around, and then cover the section with a black tight film.

There is another way to "eviction" of Topinambura from the site, in which the remaining tubers that remain in the soil are simply rotated in the ground and no longer sprout. To do this, the top layer of the soil is removed from the garden with an earthwood pear (approximately on the spade bayonet), the resulting pit shed means a means for compost maturation, and on top they fall asleep the same soil, only well-moved from the residual roots. The top layer is also shedding with this composition. The best time for this operation is August-September.

Coffee from Topinambur

In the cold and crude November weather, I so want to warm up a cup of hot fragrant coffee, but the excessive use of caffeine does not benefit our body, and someone's health problems forcing and abandon the favorite drink.

Prepare a delicious, useful and excellent warming coffee is easily and just possible from the fruits of an earthen pear - just enough to dry them.

By the way

The most beautiful color "coffee" is obtained from the tuber of the Topinambur with brown peel.

First of all, Topinambur needs to be thoroughly washed under the jet of water with a brush to remove all pollution. After that, the tubers are rubbed on a large grater (with 7-8 mm holes) or ground with an electrical juicer, setting a folding disk and attaching a knife disk with holes, as in a manual grater.

Topinambur, grated on the baking sheet, pre-shy in one layer paper, and then cotton cloth.

The dried tubers of the Topinambur are crushed in a coffee grinder or using a mixer by installing knives with a protective cylinder.

For the preparation of a coffee beverage 1 tsp. The crushed dried topinambur falls asleep in the saucepan, poured the glass of water and boil about 2-3 minutes. After that, the drink is left for 5-10 minutes (to be blown), and then spilled in cups. At will, you can add milk (ordinary, almond or coconut), cream, honey or maple syrup to such coffee. The taste of the beverage will enrich several drops of vanilla extract.

If you decide to use a mixer for grinding dried tubers, put them in a glass liter jar and cover the PET cover, having pre-cut the hole in it with a diameter of a slightly greater diameter of the leg of the cylinder enclosing the mixer knives. Thus, the dust from the crushing of the Topinambur will not leave the can out.

Coffee drink from Topinambur can also be treated with small gourmets. For its preparation of 1 tsp. The powder of dried earth pear is poured with a glass of water, boil a few minutes on a weak heat and filter through the siete. Then milk and sugar add to the drink. Children drink such useful coffee with pleasure!

To prepare tea from the Topinambur, the leaves of the plant, its flowers and tubers are used. Most often, this drink is used to reduce weight, but this useful properties do not end.

Tea of \u200b\u200bTopinambur flowers

Therapeutic properties of such tea are aimed at:

• increase in blood hemoglobin;
• reduction of gastritis manifestations;
• acceleration of choleretic activities;
• reducing alcohol intoxication: an increase in the body's resistance to bacterial and viral infections, etc.

For its preparation of 1 tbsp. l. Topinambur flowers (fresh or dried) are crushed, poured 300 ml of boiling water, wrapped and insist at least 5 hours.

Tea Leaf Topinambur

The leaves of the earthen pear, assembled before flowering, contain the maximum amount of beneficial substances, so it is recommended that they are recommended for welding.

Tea from such a sheet:

• displays slags from the body;
• enhances immunity;
• improves the operation of the gastrointestinal tract;
• removes physical fatigue and mental tension:
• prevents the development of atherosclerosis, etc.

For its preparation of 1 tsp. The crushed dry leaves of the Topinambur is poured 100 ml of boiling water and insist under the lid for 10 minutes. It is recommended to use such a decoction twice a day - in the morning and in the evening.

To achieve a better medicinal effect, it is advisable to prepare fresh tea from Topinambur flowers daily.

If you do not like the taste of the drink, add some natural honey to it before use.

: Topinambur - Growing and useful ...

: Landing and cultivation of sophisticated rumors, ...

: Topinambur cultivation, beneficial properties and ...

The plant received its name thanks to the ancient Indian people Tupinambas, who first began to use it into food. In the XVII century, Topinambar fell into Europe and quickly spread throughout the planet.

The appearance of the "earthling pear" is similar to sunflower. Long stems grow up to two or three meters in height, and bright flowering lasts from May to October. Food is used by clubs of plants resembling potatoes. Their surface is litter, with fine transparent skin of white, yellowish or purple shades.

The roots and stalks of the plant for the winter die away, and the tubers remain under the soil layers and are stored until early spring. Even if you do not care for Topinamburg, it will quickly grow up and gives a crop. Use tubers in cheese and baked form are added to salads, stewed with other vegetables and meat.

Nutritional value of Topinambura

Topinambur is a dietary product, although its feederness is higher than that of potatoes. The useful properties of the Topinambur are explained by its unique composition and the optimal balance of valuable organic substances. In one hundred grams of the product, there are almost no fats (0.01%), proteins contain about three grams, and the amount of carbohydrates is 16 grams. The total nutritional of raw tubers reaches only 60 calories.

The chemical composition of this natural product surprises the amount of useful substances. He contains:

• Inulin (about 17%)
• Pectic substances (11%)
• Amino acids (lysine, valine, phenylalanine, methionine, arginine)
• Organic acids (amber, apple, fumaroic, lemon, raspberry)
• Vitamins of groups PP, B, C, Carotine
• Valuable trace elements (Zn, P, K, MG, FE, MN)

Harm

Topinambur: Contraindications

Topinambur - a useful and tasty product, which, if competent use, not only supplies the body with a considerable amount of vitamins, but also relieves a person from unpleasant health problems. Contraindications of Topinambur are allergic, which suffer from the intolerance of any of its component.

It should also be borne in mind that in the tubers of the plant concentrated a colossal amount of inulin and fiber, which can provoke a strong intestinal meteorism. This property is especially manifested if you use raw tubers.

In order to avoid similar troubles, the Topinambur should be subjected to any thermal processing. It can also be used in conjunction with fragrant Tmina, coriander, - spices that prevent the formation of gases in the intestine.

Despite the contraindications of Topinambur, it is mainly well tolerated by the body and is recommended for use at any age. However, children under five are better to offer boiled or stewed tubers, since in raw form it is a rather heavy product for assimilation.

Benefit

Topinambur: Useful properties

The value of this plant lies in an extraordinary combination of organic substances that saturate human human cells and regulating the vitamin balance of the body. Unlike other plants, the "Earthly Pear" does not accumulate harmful compounds and radioactive elements from the soil. Thanks to this feature, the plant does not produce toxic effects on the body, and the beneficial properties of the Topinambur do not change depending on the state of the environment in which it grows.

The most famous Topinambourism as a healing plant, which is used in diabetes mellitus. "Earthly pear" has a positive impact on the body and is used to treat such ailments:

• Digestive problems: pancreatitis, dysbacteriosis, gastritis, constipation, colitis. Topinambur cleans the organs of the digestive tract, eliminates the bacteria, envelops the mucous membranes, relieves nausea and normalizes the microflora of the digestive organs.
• Thanks to the colossal content of Inulin, Topinambur is recommended for diabetics. This substance reduces the amount of glucose in the blood and activates the work of the pancreas.
• "Earth Pear" is an excellent antioxidant. The use of tuber plants is recommended to people living in metropolis and polluted regions. They quickly remove heavy metals accumulated over long years, harmful connections and radionuclides.
• The useful properties of the Topinambur are to fight his ability to fight. Also shows the use of this healing plant with kidney stones.
• Topinambur has the ability to reduce blood pressure, and its use has a positive effect on the entire cardiovascular system.
• During the Avitaminosis, Topinambur is recommended to be used as a means for strengthening immunity.
• The systematic use of tubers of the Topinambur increases hemoglobin in the blood, has a beneficial effect on the activities of the heart and nervous system, promotes weight loss.
• Special mixes and tinctures are prepared from the plant, helping in the fight against oncological neoplasms.

Topinambourism with breastfeeding

Such a valuable product, like a Topinambe, must be present in the diet of a nursing mother. He will help her cope with the anemia, puts the state of the nervous system, will strengthen the immune system. Fresh puree from the "earthling pear" will help a woman to get rid of constipation in the postpartum period, will lay the digestion and eliminate edema.

On this, the useful properties of the Topinambur for a nursing woman do not end. It is proved that the use of natural tubers of the plant helps a young mother to cope with breastfeeding crises and even resume interrupted lactation.

However, a nursing woman should take into account the contraindications of the Topinambura, - it is especially recommended for its consumption in raw form. It is better to introduce failed, stewed and baked tubers in the diet to completely eliminate the meteorism and the bloating of the stomach.

How to cook Topinambur

Before the preparation of any dish from the "earthling pear", fresh tubers are well rinsed under cold water, and thin skin is removed. To get a maximum of vitamins from fruits, they can not be cleaned - it is enough to lose the tubers with a rigid brush. Since the Topinambur contains a high concentration of iron, the tubers begin to get dark quickly. Therefore, it is better to put them in a container with acidic water.

To use the Topinambur to bring only benefits, and not harm, it is advisable to get acquainted with its contraindications before the first admission. With a sense of nausea or expressed ailments, the reception of the Topinambur is better to stop. It should also be remembered that the "earthup pear" can not be prepared in the dishes of aluminum or iron!

Tubers Plants are well welded - you can cook a tasty puree, pancakes, put in sauce or bake in the oven. Fruits with bow, cream, nutmeg, cinnamon, greens and cloves are perfectly combined. Topinamburg can be replaced by potatoes in our usual soups and broths, use in salads and is in the raw form.

How to use Topinambur

This useful root cornestode has a beneficial effect on all system of vital activity of the body, eliminates chronic pathologies and reimburses the deficit of vitamins. Depending on the state of health and existing diseases, the fruits of the Topinambur can be used in various versions:

• For the intestinal microflora correction, it is recommended to introduce fresh juice with tubers in the diet. To do this, it is necessary to rub a few fruits on the small grater itself and put the resulting cleaner into the gauze (you can add it in two layers). It is good to press, at once take 1/2 cup of sweet juice. Store in the refrigerator, Topinambur juice is recommended no more than a day.
• In the fight against spring avitaminosis will help Kvass based on Topinambur. For cooking, it is necessary to chop multiple peeled tubers and put them in a capacity of 3 liters (bottom of the 3-liter bank as a member of Topinamburg on? Its volume). Pour warm water and close the container with a gauze or linen cut. Insist in a warm place for 4-5 days, take on a glass of cooled kvass daily. It is possible to add a hunk of rye bread (dried) to accelerate the fermentation process, or 1 tbsp. Spoon of bread rye yoke. Honey or sugar is added as desired in the finished drink.
• To prepare a broth from the root of the Topinambur, it is necessary to take three tubers on a liter of liquid, clean them and peck around 20-25 minutes. As a result, you will get a sweet decoction, which is recommended for anemia, hypertension and pancreatitis.

How to keep Topinambur

The roots of the "earthlings" are perfectly tolerated winter frosts, and their useful properties are preserved until spring. However, in the fresh form, tubers are stored in the refrigerator not long - within one month. The fresh fruits of the Topinambur are washed, placed in packets and lay out in the lower compartments of the refrigerator.

For longer storage, the frost is frozen the topinambur. You can freeze the tubers entirely or grate on the grater, decompose them on a small portion in the packages and put in the freezer.

Well retains its properties of the Topinambur in a dried form. Before drying, rootes are moved, washed, cut into thin slices and fit into the shadow area. It is important to prevent sunlight and moisture on raw materials, otherwise it will be spoiled.

You can dry the slices of the Topinambur in the oven, withstanding them for 3 hours at 50 ° C. Before such drying, sliced \u200b\u200bslices of "earth pear" need to peak in salted water (5-10 minutes). Dry slices of the Topinambur are stored in a glass container in the refrigerator.

Topinambura harvesting is produced in late October. Part of the root plates are left in the ground to extract their early spring (before the start of germination). To store large volumes of root crops, they are cripped together with soil and stored in the basement in a container with wet ground.

Judging by the fact that Topinambur has several sonorous names (Suncher Streynosny, Earthwood Pear, sun root, artichoke Jerusalem), this plant loved to people from different countries and continents. The homeland of this root is North America, in the era of great conquests, it moved into the old light, and from there it was distributed to Asia. Thanks to the similarity of taste with potatoes, Topinambur may well replace in some dishes "Earth Apple". It is known that the benefits and harm of the Topinambura were already subject to research in medicine and dietology. There are some cases (we mention about them later), when the use of Topinambur is undesirable. However, in general, it is a solid benefit of tired loads and negative environmental factors.

What does Topinambur look like? The flower is similar to a small sunflower, the stalks of the plant are high (up to 2 m), and the root crops look like ginger, and to taste - potatoes with a taste of sweets or kochan cabbage.

Cost of useful substances

Topinambur, or an earthen pear is rich in organic acids, microelements, vitamin plant components that give to man health and facilitate the course of the disease.
The chemical composition of the Topinambur, except for common vitamins (Carotine, PP, C, B1, B2), is represented by a plurality of unique substances and healthy natural compounds.

More about what is for an amazing plant - Topinambur, which properties it has, as well as about its benefits and harm to the body, can be found from the video at the end of the article.

Medical and dietary properties

Knowing therapeutic properties and contraindications of the Topinambur can competently approach the issue of maintaining their health in good condition.

• Topinambur activates and leads to the normal state of the function of many organism systems - nervous, immune, endocrine, blood.
• "Earthen Pear" stimulates lactation: if Mom has little milk or it disappeared, taking raw tubers and juice from the Topinambur, you can return the joy of breastfeeding.
• Due to the healing effect and beneficial properties of Topinamburba, it is recommended to use with different pathological conditions of the liver: cirrhosis, hepatitis of various origin and the degree of acute, obesity, intoxication.
• With regular use of this root, the intestine is getting rid of the products of rotting, a healthy useful microflora is formed in it.
• The invaluable benefit of the "solar root" allows it to be used in the treatment of complex ailments (for example, it is known to use the products from the Topinambur in diabetes) and even for the prevention of oncology.

Heavy Assistant

Topinambur is useful in diabetes mellitus, because its tubers contain a natural analogue of insulin - inulin, which is soluble polysaccharide. When inulin falls into the human body, the process of its splitting begins, and part of the inulin is converted into fructose molecules that are separated from the blood toxic decay products of various substances. Unchecked parts of Inulin contribute to the purification of the body from harmful cholesterol. The help of the Topinambura organism will be invaluable and in pancreatitis, because thanks to a decrease in blood sugar, the pancreas is regulated.

Cautions

According to experts, to significantly harm the body, using Topinamburba, it is impossible. But of course there are contraindications, like all products:

• Rare phenomenon consider the individual intolerance to the "earthling pear". Never trying to the topinambur, should not be used in large quantities. It is enough to check the body's reaction by a small dose of the product. If any negative consequences are not observed, it is safe to use it for the treatment and prevention of diseases.
• Due to the high content in the root of the Topinambur of Inulin and the intestine, the intestines can "respond" by excessive gas formation and discomfort. Therefore, it is not necessary to eat with a crude vegetable to those who are inclined to manifest meteorism. But dishes made from Topinambur, flavored by Tminov, in contrast, reduce gas formation.

Tip: Choosing roots to pay attention to their appearance - they should be dry, and outside the peel should not be spots, damage. How to keep Topinambur to save maximum useful substances? If you want to keep fresh root roots, then the storage room should be well ventilated, without temperature drops. It is desirable that the temperature is not higher there. In addition, it is possible to freeze or dry these useful tubers.

We accept health benefits

The tubers of "Earthwood pear" are used both raw and subjected to different heat treatment - boiled, fried, prepare desserts and drinks (for example, decoction or kvass). How to use Topinambur to improve the body? It is preferably in a fresh form (only you need to clean the tubers like potatoes, and cut them into them with pars), in the form of a powder or juice.

Tip: If you do not have any ailments and just want to clean the body from toxins, then in preventive purposes you can eat fresh roots three times three times a day by portions of 150 g 25-30 minutes before meals for 5 days. The intestinal work is normalized, the vessels will acquire the "second youth", they will come to the tone of many bodies and systems.

Juice consumption

Conding treatment with Topinambur juice, you can get rid of constipation, reduce the acidity of the stomach, facilitate the state of inflamed organs, to establish metabolism and "clean" the urinary system.

Recipe:

For the preparation of juice from "Earthwood pear", fresh root roots need to be thoroughly rinsed, but not clean from the peel. Next, they are either passed through the meat grinder, or crushed with the help of an ordinary grater. Cashitz need to squeeze, strain the liquid through the gauze. Next, juice is accepted on recommendations depending on the testimony. It is important to remember that this freshly squeezed product needs to be stored in the refrigerator, but not more than 12 hours to preserve all the unique properties of the Topinambur.

Tip: For the prevention of atherosclerosis, soft cleaning of the digestive tract and intestines, it is necessary to take a juice 10-14 days 150 ml per day once before meals.

Powder use

Recipe:

It is good to dry in the oven or a special dryer for fruits. Thin slices of the Topinambur before purchasing them brown. Next, they can be ground in a coffee grinder or thoroughly crowned into the mortar. The resulting powder is brewed with boiling water, insist to 5 minutes. And enjoy this vitaminized drink, it is not inferior to the taste of "coffee" from chicory, but according to individual useful and healing properties even superior to it!

So, in the absence of contraindications, the use of Topinambur will bring much more benefit than harm.

All materials on the site priroda-znaet.ru are presented solely for informing information purposes. Before applying any means, consultation with the doctor is obligatory!

Topinambourg - still rare plant on Russian gods. Many vegetables are not very hurry to plant it, giving her preference to potatoes. But such an attitude to this vegetable is undeserved, because it is very useful and even manifests medicinal qualities. Learn about such a wonderful plant as Topinambur, about its benefits and harm to the body, as well as about its medicinal properties.

Topinambur is a high multi-year plant of the Astrovy family, the nearest relative of the sunflower. This is reflected even in his official name - the sunflower is languid. And in fact, Outdoor Topinambar resembles sunflower, and its leaves have a similar fragrance.

Motherland of Topinambur - North America, where he is growing in a wild and so far, occupying extensive sections to the south of the great lakes. In Europe, the plant fell in early 17th century, in Russia it turned out to be in the same century and was first used not as vegetable, but as a medicinal plant. He was given the name "Earthly Pear" because of the pear-shaped form of tubers.

Topinambur is to the highest degree attractive plant for vegetable growing. It is very unpretentious, it is capable of growing in any soil, in any climatic conditions - both in the south and north of Russia. However, in the regions of risky agriculture, it is grown for the sake of green mass, which goes to the silage.

The cultural plant of the Topinambur, depending on the variety, 1 or somewhat high (up to 4 m) and powerful, branching in the upper part, stems. They have a lot of heart-elongated, rough leaves. Topinambur flowers - small baskets with yellow petals resembling sunflower, only significantly smaller in diameter. Plant blooms in August or September, but the fruits rarely forms, as they do not have time to ripen before the onset of cold weather.

The roots of Topinambur are powerful, branched, penetrating deep into the soil. From the underground part of the stem, the collons are growing, on which tubers of various color, size, and, accordingly, mass - from 10 to 150-200 g. They are dense and juicy, but covered with fine and fragile skin, therefore extracted from the soil for a long time Store - Already after a month of storage, they begin to either dry, or refuse. It is this that is the main lack of an earthen pear, so tubers dig only in the fall and early spring, as soon as snow comes down. Later it makes no sense to collect harvest, because the tubers begin to germinate and become fibrous.

Nutritional value and calorie

To taste, the raw tubers of earthwood pear are like a repaint or cabbage batch, but they have a characteristic taste and smell. The chemical composition of the Topinambur is present:

• proteins - 2 g;
• carbohydrates - 17.4 g (including Inulin);
• fats - 0.1 g;
• water - 78 g;
• organic acids - 0.1 g;
• fiber - 1.6 g

Vitamins are presented:

• retinol (a) and carotene (1 μg and 0.012 mg);
• thiamine (B1) and riboflavin (B2) (2 mg and 0.06 mg);
• choline (B4) and pantothenic acid (B5) (30 mg and 0.4 mg);
• pyridoxine (B6) and folates (B9) (0.08 mg and 13 μg);
• ascorbic acid (C) and tocopherol (E) (4 mg and 0.2 mg);
• nicotine acid (PP) and phillochinone (k) (1.3 mg and 0.1 μg).

Macro- and trace elements in the Topinambur also have. It is potassium and phosphorus (429 mg and 78 mg), magnesium and calcium (17 mg and 14 mg), sodium, iron (4 mg and 3.4 mg), zinc and manganese (0.12 mg and 0.06 mg) , Copper and selenium (140 and 0.7 μg).

The nutritional value of the vegetable is the easily digestible proteins and carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, the Topinambura fiber, which, falling into the intestine, is setting up its work. The calorieness of the earthen pear, like all the vegetables, is low - only 73 kcal. Therefore, her tubers are allowed to eat even complete people, not to mention those whose weight is normal.

What is useful to the Topinambourism for the body

Topinambur is known for its ability to improve the condition of patients with many diseases. It is also valuable by Polysaccharide Inulin, which regulates metabolism and is useful for the intestinal health. But this is not limited to the benefits of Topinambur. It can be used both completely healthy people and those who are sick, but wants to improve their health.

For men

The use of Topinambur tubers for the male half of humanity is obvious. Zinc, which is part of this vegetable, plays an important role in maintaining the health of the genitourinary system. He takes part in the development of sperm, increasing their activity and survivability, increases potency, prevents diseases of the prostate gland.

Potassium, which in Topinambur a lot, regulates aqueous, acidic and electrolyte balance, normalizes the pressure and processes of nerve pulses, improves the work of the heart, leads its rhythm to normal. Therefore, an earthling pear is useful for men in hypertension, tachycardia, atherosclerosis of vessels, coronary heart disease. To introduce into the body of the daily rate of Macroelemar potassium, it is enough to eat 300 g of tubers per day.

Thiamine is part of the enzymes of energy and carbohydrate metabolism, so the use of Topinambur will be useful for men who live actively work physically engaged in sports. The deficiency of vitamin B1 leads to disorders in the work of the nervous tissue, heart and blood vessels, the digestive tract. Topinambura tubers will be useful and those who are engaged in mental labor, as they stimulate mental activity.

For women

Earthwood root roots will be helpful and women. Their regular use in food will help the ladies to avoid cancer, primarily breast tumors and uterus, problems with urinary organs, obesity. The iron, which is part of tubers and leaf of the Topinambur, prevents anemia, muscle aton, myocardiopathy, increased fatigue, ensures the normal flow of recovery reactions and oxidation in the body.

The useful properties of the Topinambur can add an improvement in view, the preservation of teeth, skin, nails and hair in excellent condition, increasing mental stability in stressful situations, mood normalization, treatment of endocrine and skin diseases.

The vegetable will be useful for women suffering from hypertension, vegetative dystonia with tachycardia, other pathologies of the heart and vessels. It will help to avoid or eliminate swelling in the diseases of the kidneys and heart, salt deposits, will be able to improve the condition for gout, rheumatic arthritis or other autoimmune diseases and metabolic diseases. Cashitz from tubers are used to prepare masks, rejuvenating and clarifying skin of the face and body, and from the roots - for the treatment of acne, eczema, vitiligo.

For children

Useful tubers of Topinambura and children, especially in the fall and winter as a good source of vitamins. They are rich in a full protein that needs the growing organism of children as a building material for tissue cells and organs. Children and adolescents who eat an earthen pear are less likely to fall as colds, they have a good appetite, at the same time there are no problems with digestion.

In children who suffer from gastritis and colitis, Topinambur removes inflammation of the gastric mucosa, contributes to the speedy healing and restoration of the mucous membrane, normalizes the acidity of its juice, eliminates heartburn and meteorism. In case of dysbacteriosis, the vegetable suppresses the growth of pathological intestinal microflora, contributes to the reproduction of useful, enhances the peristaltics of the intestine, eliminating constipation, does not give slags to accumulate on their walls. With low hemoglobin, dishes from it will help restore the level of this important protein and prevent the development of anemia. Topinambur, as it is believed, does not accumulate nitrates, pesticides and other harmful agrochemical substances, so it can be even the smallest children.

Topinambourism when losing weight

Can I eat during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Topinambur has no contraindications for use in the period of nursing the child and breastfeeding. Future mothers can use it in any quantities in fresh or recycled form. During pregnancy, an earthwood pear will be useful as a vitamin product and a light natural laxative. Topinambur has properties to stimulate the immune system, increases the resistance to infections and diseases. Beneficially affects the organism of the mother and child.

Topinambur:

• improves the intestinal work and restores it to the microflora;
• reduces the feeling of hunger;
• eliminates heartburn;
• increases blood hemoglobin;
• normalizes metabolic processes.

Drugs from the Topinambur in the absence of contraindications can be applied on any gestation, however, only after consulting a doctor. It will help you choose the optimal suitable dosages of drugs.

Therapeutic properties of the Topinambur and instructions for its use

Earthwood pear is well known in medicine. Due to its unique medical properties, Topinambur is successfully used in the therapy of a number of diseases and in preventive purposes. Preparations based on it are prepared not only from tubers, but also from the leaves and inflorescences of plants. Fresh or dried raw materials are taken as the starting material. With the correct workpiece, it does not lose its value.

Topinambur uses for any type of diabetes mellitus due to inulin and fiber contained in it. In the insulin-dependent form of the disease, the polysaccharide performs the replacement functions of glucose, thus reducing sugar in the blood, but at the same time it fully provides cells with the energy required by it. It stimulates the synthesis of the pancreas of a larger amount of hormone, helps to remove toxic substances from the body. Inulin at large concentrations is contained in the Topinambur powder manufactured by industry.

The long-term reception of the Topinambur also prevents the development of such complications of diabetes as the defeat of the lower extremities, blindness, nephropathy. With a disease of 2 types of Topinamburba, reducing, stabilizing and regulating action. He:

• leads to normal exchange processes;
• normalizes weight;
• moves the hormonal background;
• supports liver, pancreas;
• establishes the work of the gastrointestinal organs;
• improves well-being and increases tone.

It is also established that the Topinambur preparations allow you to significantly reduce insulin resistance at type 2 diabetes.

To normalize blood sugar content:

• eaten 1 root or drink 0.5 glasses of Topinambur juice 0.5 hours before meals 3 times a day;
• prepare infusion of 1 l boiling water and 4 tbsp. l. Cuts into small pieces of tubers, insist for 3 hours, used as a substitute for tea, sugar do not add.

In diabetes, you can use not only fresh tubers, but also with a syrup from the Topinambur. This is concentrated by evaporation of the juice juice, which shows the properties of an excellent sugar substitute. It does not contain artificial sucrose, but has a sweet taste, so it can be added to drinks and desserts instead of sugar. For the treatment and prevention of morbidity, syrup can be drunk on 1 tbsp. l. 0.5 hours before meals.

For the same purposes, you can use Topinambur tea. It is very easy to cook it - you need to take:

• 1.5 tbsp. l. Grinding to the state of the cassel tubers, put them in a thermos and on top of pour 0.3 liters of boiling water. Consumption 3 times a day 0.5 hours before meals 0.1 l.;
• 1 tsp. Powder made of earthwood pear, pour glass boiling water. Drink tea 2 times a day.
• 1 tbsp. l. Dry leaves pour 0.5 tbsp. Water brought to a boil. Drink 3 times throughout the day of 0.1 liters.

Topinambular tea is a good auxiliary tool in therapy of anemia, atherosclerosis, nerve diseases, salt deposits, urolithiasis.

Harm and contraindications

Earthwood pear is a useful plant. In most cases, it can be eaten without harm to the body and strict dosing. Fresh root roots can enhance the phenomena of gas formation in people prone to meteorism. But the Topinambur after heat treatment by these properties no longer possesses. If you use a boiled product or add such spices as cumin and coriander to dishes, there will be no problems.

Contraindications to the use of Topinambur and drugs from it are:

• individual intolerance of the product;
• hypotension.

In prophylactic and health purposes, it is enough to use for a month of 50-100 g of raw topinambur tubers 3 times a day before meals.