Who in childhood did not believe in miracles? To have fun and informative time with your baby, you can try to carry out experiments from entertaining chemistry. They are safe, fun and educational. These experiments will help answer many children's "why" and awaken interest in science and knowledge of the world around. And today I want to tell you what experiences for children at home can be organized for parents.

Pharaoh's snake

This experience is based on the volume expansion of the reagents being mixed. In the process of burning, they transform and, wriggling, resemble a snake. The experiment got its name thanks to the biblical miracle when Moses, who came to Pharaoh with a request, turned his rod into a snake.

The experience requires the following ingredients:

• ordinary sand;
• ethanol;
• crushed sugar;
• baking soda.

We saturate the sand with alcohol, after that we form a small slide from it and make a depression at the top. After that, mix a small spoonful of powdered sugar and a pinch of baking soda, then pour everything into an impromptu "crater". We set fire to our volcano, the alcohol in the sand begins to burn out, and black balls are formed. They are a decomposition product of soda and caramelized sugar.

After all the alcohol has burned out, the sand slide turns black and a wriggling "black pharaoh snake" is formed. This experience looks more impressive with the use of real reagents and strong acids, which can only be used in a chemical laboratory.

You can do a little easier and get a calcium gluconate tablet at the pharmacy. Set it on fire at home, the effect will be almost the same, only the "snake" will quickly collapse.

Magic lamp

In stores, you can often see lamps, inside of which a beautiful illuminated liquid moves and shimmers. Such lamps were invented in the early 60s. They work on the basis of paraffin and oil. At the bottom of the device there is a built-in conventional incandescent lamp that heats the falling molten wax. Part of it reaches the top and falls, the other part heats up and rises, thus we see a kind of "dance" of paraffin inside the container.

In order to carry out a similar experience at home with a child, we need:

• any juice;
• vegetable oil;
• tablets - effervescent;
• beautiful capacity.

We take a container and fill it with juice more than half. Top up with vegetable oil and throw in an effervescent tablet. It starts to "work", the bubbles rising from the bottom of the glass capture the juice and form a beautiful bubbling in the oil layer. Then the bubbles reaching the edge of the glass burst and the juice sinks down. It turns out a kind of "cycle" of juice in a glass. Such magic lamps are absolutely harmless, unlike paraffin lamps, which a child can accidentally break and burn.

Ball and orange: experience for toddlers

What happens to a balloon if you drop orange or lemon juice on it? It will burst as soon as the citrus drops touch it. And the orange can then be eaten with the baby. It's very entertaining and fun. For the experiment we need a couple of balloons and citrus. Inflate them and let the baby drip fruit juice on each one and see what happens.

Why is the balloon bursting? It's all about a special chemical - limonene. It is found in citrus fruits and is often used in the cosmetics industry. When the juice contacts the rubber of the balloon, a reaction occurs, limonene dissolves the rubber and the balloon bursts.

Sweet glass

Amazing things can be made from caramelized sugar. In the early days of cinematography, most fighting scenes used such edible sweet glass. This is because it is less traumatic for the actors when filming and is inexpensive. Its fragments can then be collected, melted and made props for the film.

Many in childhood made sugar cockerels or butter fondant; glass should be made according to the same principle. Pour water into a saucepan, heat it a little, the water should not be cold. After that, pour granulated sugar there and bring to a boil. When the liquid boils, cook until the mass gradually begins to thicken and bubbles a lot. The melted sugar in the container should turn into a viscous caramel, which, if immersed in cold water, will turn into glass.

Pour the prepared liquid onto a baking sheet prepared and oiled with vegetable oil, cool and the sweet glass is ready.

During the cooking process, you can add dye to it and cast it into any interesting shape, and then treat and surprise everyone around.

Philosopher's nail

This entertaining experience is based on the principle of copper plating of iron. Named by analogy with a substance that could, according to legend, turn everything into gold, and was called the Philosopher's Stone. To conduct the experiment, we will need:

• iron nail;
• a fourth of a glass of acetic acid;
• food salt;
• soda;
• a piece of copper wire;
• glass container.

We take a glass jar and pour acid, salt there and stir well. Be careful, vinegar has a strong, unpleasant odor. It can burn the baby's delicate airways. Then we put copper wire in the resulting solution for 10-15 minutes, after a while we lower the iron nail previously cleaned with soda into the solution. After a while, we can see that copper sputtering has appeared on it, and the wire has become shiny as new. How could this happen?

Copper reacts with acetic acid, a copper salt is formed, then copper ions on the surface of the nail exchange places with iron ions and form a coating on its surface. And in the solution, the concentration of iron salts increases.

Copper coins are not suitable for the experiment, since this metal itself is very soft, and to make money stronger, its alloys with brass and aluminum are used.

Copper products do not rust over time, they are covered with a special green bloom - patina, which prevents it from further corrosion.

DIY soap bubbles

Who didn't like blowing bubbles as a child? How beautifully they shimmer and burst merrily. You can just buy them at the store, but it will be much more interesting to create your own solution with your child and then blow bubbles.

It should be said right away that the usual mixture of laundry soap and water will not work. Bubbles are obtained from it, which quickly disappear and are poorly blown out. The most affordable way to prepare such a substance is to mix two glasses of water with a glass of dish detergent. If you add sugar to the solution, the bubbles become stronger. They will fly for a long time and will not burst. And the huge bubbles that can be seen on stage by professional artists are obtained by mixing glycerin, water and detergent.

For beauty and mood, you can mix food paint into the solution. Then the bubbles will glow beautifully in the sun. You can create several different solutions and use them in turn with your child. It is interesting to experiment with color and create your own new shade of soap bubbles.

You can also try mixing soapy water with other substances and see how they affect the bubbles. Maybe you will invent and patent a new kind of your own.

Spy ink

This legendary invisible ink. What are they made of? There are so many spy films and interesting intellectual investigations now. You can invite your child to play a little secret agents.

The point of such ink is that it cannot be seen on paper with the naked eye. Only by applying a special effect, for example, heating or chemical reagents, can the secret message be seen. Unfortunately, most of the recipes for making them are ineffective and these inks leave marks.

We will make special ones that are difficult to see without special detection. For this you will need:

• water;
• the spoon;
• baking soda;
• any heat source;
• a stick with cotton at the end.

Pour warm liquid into any container, then, stirring, pour baking soda there until it stops dissolving, i.e. the mixture will reach a high concentration. We put a stick with cotton on the end there and write something on paper with it. Let's wait until it dries, then bring the sheet to a lighted candle or gas stove. After a while, you can see how the yellow letters of the written word appear on the paper. Make sure that the leaf does not catch fire during the development of the letters.

Fireproof money

This is a well-known and old experiment. For him you will need:

• water;
• alcohol;
• salt.

Take a deep glass container and pour water into it, then add alcohol and salt, stir well to dissolve all the ingredients. For setting fire, you can take ordinary pieces of paper, if not a pity, then you can take a bill. Just take a small denomination, otherwise something may go wrong in the experience and the money will be spoiled.

Put strips of paper or money in a water-salt solution, after a while they can be removed from the liquid and set on fire. You can see that the entire bill is covered by the flame, but it does not ignite. This effect is explained by the fact that the alcohol in the solution evaporates, and the wet paper itself does not ignite.

Wish-fulfilling stone

The process of growing crystals is very exciting but time consuming. However, what you get as a result will be worth your time. The most popular is the creation of crystals from table salt or sugar.

Consider growing a "stone of desires" from refined sugar. For this you will need:

• drinking water;
• granulated sugar;
• paper sheet;
• thin wooden stick;
• small container and glass.

First, let's make a blank. To do this, we need to prepare a sugar mixture. Pour some water and sugar into a small container. Let's wait until the mixture boils and boil until a syrupy state is formed. Then we lower the wooden stick there and sprinkle it with sugar, this must be done evenly, in this case the resulting crystal will become more beautiful and even. Leave the base for the crystal overnight to dry and harden.

Let's start preparing a syrup solution. Pour water into a large container and add sugar to it, stirring slowly. Then, when the mixture boils, cook it until it becomes a viscous syrup. Remove from heat and let cool.

Cut out paper mugs and attach them to the end of a wooden stick. It will become the lid on which the crystal stick is attached. We fill the glass with a solution and lower the workpiece there. We wait for a week, and the "stone of desires" is ready. If you put a dye in the syrup during cooking, then it will turn out to be even more beautiful.

The process of creating crystals from salt is somewhat simpler. Here you just need to monitor the mixture and change it periodically in order to increase the concentration.

First of all, we create a blank. Pour warm water into a glass container, and gradually stirring, pour in salt until it stops dissolving. We leave the container for a day. After this time, you can find many small crystals in the glass, choose the largest one and tie it on a string. Make a new saline solution and place the crystal in there; you cannot let it touch the bottom or the edges of the glass. This can lead to unwanted deformations.

After a couple of days, you can see that he has grown up. The more often you change the mixture to increase the salt concentration, the faster you can grow your Wishstone.

Glowing tomato

This experiment should be strictly supervised by adults, since harmful substances are used to conduct it. The glowing tomato, which will be created in the course of this experiment, is absolutely forbidden to eat, it can lead to death or severe poisoning. We need:

• regular tomato;
• syringe;
• sulfur matter from matches;
• bleach;
• hydrogen peroxide.

We take a small container, put the previously prepared match sulfur there and pour in the bleach. We leave all this for a while, after which we draw the mixture into a syringe and inject it into the tomato from different sides, so that it glows evenly. To start the chemical process, hydrogen peroxide is needed, which we introduce through the trail from the stem on top. We turn off the light in the room, and we can enjoy the process.

An egg in vinegar: a very simple experience

It is a simple and interesting common acetic acid. For its implementation, you will need a boiled chicken egg and vinegar. Take a transparent glass container and dip the egg in the shell there, then fill it to the top with acetic acid. You can see how bubbles rise from its surface, this is a chemical reaction. After three days, we can observe that the shell has become soft, and the egg is elastic, like a ball. If you aim a flashlight at it, you can see that it glows. It is not recommended to experiment with raw eggs, as the soft shell may break when squeezed.

DIY slime from PVA

This is a fairly common strange toy in our childhood. It is quite difficult to find it now. Let's try to make a slime at home. Its classic color is green, but you can use whichever you like. Try mixing several shades and creating your own unique color.

To conduct an experiment, we need:

• glass jar;
• several small glasses;
• dye;
• pVA glue;
• regular starch.

Let's prepare three identical glasses with solutions, which we will mix. Pour PVA glue into the first, water into the second, and dilute starch in the third. First, pour water into a jar, then add glue and dye, stir everything thoroughly and then add starch. The mixture must be stirred quickly so that it does not thicken, and you can play with the ready-made slime.

How to quickly inflate a balloon

Soon a holiday and you need to inflate a lot of balloons? What to do? This unusual experience will help make the task easier. For it we need a rubber ball, acetic acid and regular soda. It must be carried out carefully in the presence of adults.

Put a pinch of baking soda in a balloon and place it on the neck of the acetic acid bottle to prevent the baking soda from spilling out, straighten the balloon and let its contents fall into the vinegar. You will see how the chemical reaction will take place, it will begin to foam, giving off carbon dioxide and inflating the ball.

That's all for today. Do not forget that it is better to carry out experiments for children at home under supervision, it will be both safer and more interesting. Until next time!

For many schoolchildren, physics is a rather complex and incomprehensible subject. To interest the child in this science, parents use all sorts of tricks: they tell fantastic stories, show entertaining experiments, cite the biographies of great scientists as an example.

How to conduct physics experiments with children?

• Teachers warn that acquaintance with physical phenomena should not be limited only to the demonstration of entertaining experiments and experiments.
• Experiments must necessarily be accompanied by detailed explanations.
• To begin with, the child needs to be explained that physics is a science that studies the general laws of nature. Physics studies the structure of matter, its forms, its movements and changes. At one time, the famous British scientist Lord Kelvin quite boldly stated that in our world there is only one science - physics, everything else is the usual collection of stamps. And there is some truth in this statement, because the whole Universe, all planets and all worlds (supposed and existing) obey the laws of physics. Of course, the statements of the most eminent scientists about physics and its laws are unlikely to force a younger student to throw aside his mobile phone and delightfully delve into the study of a physics textbook.

Today we will try to offer parents some fun experiences that will help to interest your children and answer many of their questions. And who knows, maybe, thanks to these home experiments, physics will become your child's favorite subject. And very soon our country will have its own Isaac Newton.

Interesting experiments with water for children - 3 instructions

For 1 experiment you will need two eggs, regular table salt, and 2 glasses of water.

One egg must be carefully lowered into a glass half filled with cold water. It will immediately be at the bottom. Fill the second glass with warm water and stir 4-5 tbsp. l. salt. Wait for the water in the glass to turn cold and gently dip the second egg into it. It will stay on the surface. Why?

Explanation of the results of the experiment

The density of plain water is lower than that of an egg. That is why the egg sinks to the bottom. The average density of salt water is significantly higher than the density of an egg, so it remains on the surface. After demonstrating this experience to a child, you will notice that seawater is an ideal environment for learning to swim. After all, the laws of physics and at sea have not been canceled. The saltier the sea water, the less effort it takes to stay afloat. The most salty is the Red Sea. Due to the high density, the human body is literally pushed to the surface of the water. Learning to swim in the Red Sea is a pleasure.

For experiment 2 you will need: a glass bottle, a bowl of tinted water, and hot water.

We warm up the bottle with hot water. Pour hot water out of it and turn it upside down. Place in a bowl of colored cold water. The liquid from the bowl will begin to flow into the bottle on its own. By the way, the level of the tinted liquid in it will be (compared to the bowl) significantly higher.

How to explain the result of the experience to the child?

The preheated bottle is filled with warm air. The bottle is gradually cooled and the gas is compressed. The pressure drops in the bottle. The water is influenced by atmospheric pressure and enters the bottle. Its flow will stop only when the pressure does not equalize.

For 3 experiences you will need a plexiglass ruler or an ordinary plastic comb, woolen or silk cloth.

In the kitchen or bathroom, adjust the tap so that a thin stream of water flows out of it. Have your child rub the ruler (comb) vigorously with a dry woolen cloth. The child should then quickly bring the ruler closer to the stream of water. The effect will amaze him. The stream of water will bend and reach towards the ruler. A funny effect can be obtained by using two rulers at the same time. Why?

An electrified dry comb or plexiglass ruler becomes a source of an electric field, which is why the jet is forced to bend in its direction.

You can learn more about all these phenomena in physics lessons. Any child will want to feel like a "master" of water, which means that the lesson will never be boring and uninteresting for him.

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How do you prove that light travels in a straight line?

To conduct the experiment, you will need 2 sheets of thick cardboard, an ordinary flashlight, 2 stands.

Experiment progress: In the center of each cardboard, carefully cut out round holes of the same diameter. We install them on stands. The holes must be at the same height. Place the included lantern on a previously prepared stand made of books. Any box of the correct size can be used. We direct the flashlight beam into the hole of one of the cardboard boxes. The child stands on the opposite side and sees the light. We ask the child to move away, and we shift to the side any of the cardboard boxes. Their holes are no longer flush. We return the child to the same place, but he no longer sees the light. Why?

Explanation:Light can only travel in a straight line. If an obstacle arises in the path of light, it stops.

Experience - dancing shadows

This experiment will require: a white screen, cut out cardboard figures to be hung on threads in front of the screen, and ordinary candles. Place the candles behind the figures. No screen - you can use a regular wall

Experiment progress: Light the candles. If you move the candle farther, then the shadow from the figure will become smaller, if you move the candle to the right, the figure will move to the left. The more candles you light, the more interesting the dance of the figures will be. Candles can be lit in turn, raised higher, lower, creating very interesting dance compositions.

Interesting experience with shadow

For the next experiment, you will need a screen, a fairly powerful light bulb, and a candle. If you direct the light of a powerful electric lamp on a burning candle, then a shadow will appear on the white canvas not only from the candle, but also from its flame. Why? Everything is simple, it turns out that there are incandescent opaque particles in the flame itself.

Simple experiments with sound for younger students

Ice experiment

If you are lucky and you find a piece of dry ice at home, you may hear an unusual sound. He's pretty unpleasant - very thin and howling. To do this, put dry ice in an ordinary teaspoon. True, the spoon will immediately stop sounding as soon as it cools. Why does this sound appear?

When ice comes into contact with a spoon (in accordance with the laws of physics), carbon dioxide is released, it is he who makes the spoon vibrate and make an unusual sound.

Funny phone

Take two identical boxes. Poke a hole in the middle of the bottom and lid of each box with a thick needle. Place ordinary matches in the boxes. Pull a string (10-15 cm long) into the holes made. Each end of the lace should be tied in the middle of the match. It is advisable to use nylon fishing line or silk thread. Each of the two participants in the experiment picks up his "tube" and moves as far as possible. The line should be tight. One brings the receiver to his ear and the other to his mouth. That's all! The phone is ready - you can have small talk!

Echo

Make a pipe out of cardboard. Its height should be about three hundred mm, and its diameter should be about sixty mm. Place the watch on a regular pillow and cover it with a pre-made pipe on top. In this case, you can hear the sound of the clock if your ear is directly above the pipe. In all other positions, the sound of the clock is not audible. However, if you take a piece of cardboard and place it at a forty-five degree angle to the pipe axis, the sound of the clock will be perfectly audible.

How to experiment with magnets with your child at home - 3 ideas

Children simply adore playing with a magnet, so they are ready to join in any experiment with this object.

How to use a magnet to pull objects out of water?

For the first experiment, you will need a lot of bolts, paper clips, springs, a plastic bottle of water and a magnet.

Children are given a task: to pull objects out of the bottle without getting their hands wet, and of course the table. As a rule, children quickly find a solution to this problem. During the experiment, parents can tell children about the physical properties of a magnet and explain that the force of a magnet acts not only through plastic, but also through water, paper, glass, etc.

How to make a compass?

In a saucer, you need to collect cold water and put a small piece of napkin on its surface. Carefully put a needle on the napkin, which we first rub against the magnet. The napkin gets wet and sinks to the bottom of the saucer, while the needle remains on the surface. Gradually, it smoothly turns one end to the north, the other to the south. The correctness of a homemade compass can be verified for real.

A magnetic field

To get started, draw a straight line on a piece of paper and place an ordinary iron paper clip on top of it. Move the magnet slowly towards the line. Mark the distance that the paper clip will be attracted to the magnet. Take another magnet and do the same experiment. The paper clip will be attracted to the magnet from a farther distance or closer. Everything will depend solely on the "strength" of the magnet. Using this example, the child can be taught about the properties of magnetic fields. Before telling a child about the physical properties of a magnet, it is imperative to explain that a magnet attracts not all "shiny things". A magnet can only attract iron. Such glands as nickel and aluminum are too tough for him.

I wonder if you liked physics lessons at school? Not? Then you have a great opportunity to master this very interesting subject together with your child. Find out How to spend at home interesting and simple, read another article on our website.

Good luck with your experiments!

All children, without exception, love mysterious, mysterious and unusual phenomena. Most of the children really like to conduct interesting experiments, some of which do not ask their parents or other adults for help.

Experiences with children

Not all experiences are suitable for children. Some of them can be dangerous to the life and health of babies, especially those of preschool age. Nevertheless, under the supervision and supervision of parents or other adults, the child can conduct any entertaining experiment - the main thing is to carefully monitor compliance with the necessary safety requirements.

All scientific experiments are extremely useful for children. They allow young inventors to visually familiarize themselves with the properties of various substances and objects, chemical compounds and much more, understand the causes of certain phenomena and gain valuable practical experience that can be applied in later life. In addition, some of these experiments can be shown as magic tricks, so that the child can gain credibility with his friends and acquaintances.

Experiments with water for children

All people in everyday life use water very often and do not at all think about the fact that it has truly magical and amazing properties. Meanwhile, this liquid can be enjoyed incredibly with children. For example, boys and girls at home can do the following experiments:

Experiments with fire for children

Special care should be taken with fire, but it is with it that incredibly interesting experiments for children can be made. Try one of the following experiments with your offspring:

Experiments with salt for children

Entertaining experiments for children can also be carried out with bulk substances, for example, with salt. The guys will definitely like experiments such as:

Experiments with soda for children

No less spectacular experiments for children can be done with baking soda, for example, "Volcano". Place a small plastic bottle on the table and sculpt a volcano out of clay or sand around it. Pour 2 tablespoons of baking soda into a container, add about 50-70 ml of warm water, a few drops of red food coloring, and at the very end - a quarter cup of vinegar. A real volcanic eruption will take place in front of your eyes, and the child will be delighted.

Other experiments for children with baking soda can be built on the property of this substance to crystallize. To obtain crystals,can be used in the same way as in the case of salt. To do this, it is necessary to prepare a dense soda solution in which the granular substance no longer dissolves, and then place a metal wire or other object there and leave it in a warm place for several days. The result will not be long in coming.

Balloon experiments for kids

Often, experiments and experiments for children are associated with various properties of balloons, such as:

Experiments with eggs for children

Some interesting experiments with children can be done using chicken eggs, for example:

Experiments with lemon for children

Anything can be used to conduct experiments. Interesting experiments with lemon deserve special attention, for example:

Experiments with paints for children

All kids love to draw, but it will be even more interesting for them to conduct entertaining experiments with paints. Try one of the following experiments:

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We have a lot of things in our kitchen, with which you can make interesting experiments for children. Well, for myself, to be honest, to make a couple of discoveries from the category of "as I did not notice it before."

website chose 9 experiments that will delight children and raise many new questions from them.

1. Lava lamp

Needed: Salt, water, a glass of vegetable oil, some food coloring, a large clear glass or glass jar.

Experience: Fill a glass 2/3 with water, pour vegetable oil into the water. The oil will float on the surface. Add food coloring to water and oil. Then slowly add 1 teaspoon of salt.

Explanation: Oil is lighter than water, so it floats on the surface, but salt is heavier than oil, so when you add salt to a glass, the oil begins to sink to the bottom along with the salt. When the salt breaks down, it releases the oil particles and they rise to the surface. The food coloring will help make the experience more visual and spectacular.

2. Personal rainbow

Needed: A container filled with water (bath, basin), flashlight, mirror, sheet of white paper.

Experience: Pour water into the container and put a mirror on the bottom. We direct the light of the flashlight to the mirror. The reflected light needs to be caught on paper, on which a rainbow should appear.

Explanation: A light beam consists of several colors; when it passes through the water, it decomposes into its component parts - in the form of a rainbow.

3. Volcano

Needed: Tray, sand, plastic bottle, food coloring, soda, vinegar.

Experience: A small volcano should be molded around a small plastic bottle made of clay or sand - for an entourage. To cause an eruption, pour two tablespoons of baking soda into the bottle, pour in a quarter cup of warm water, add a little food coloring, and at the end pour in a quarter cup of vinegar.

Explanation: When baking soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent reaction begins, releasing water, salt and carbon dioxide. Gas bubbles and push the contents out.

4. Grow crystals

Needed: Salt, water, wire.

Experience: To get crystals, you need to prepare a supersaturated salt solution - one in which the salt does not dissolve when a new portion is added. In this case, you need to keep the solution warm. For the process to go better, it is desirable that the water is distilled. When the solution is ready, it must be poured into a new container to get rid of the debris that is always in the salt. Next, a wire with a small loop at the end can be lowered into the solution. Place the jar in a warm place to cool the liquid more slowly. In a few days, beautiful salt crystals will grow on the wire. If you get the hang of it, you can grow fairly large crystals or patterned crafts on twisted wire.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of the salt decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your wire.

5. Dancing coin

Needed: A bottle, a coin that can be used to cover the neck of a bottle, water.

Experience: An empty, unclosed bottle should be placed in the freezer for a few minutes. Moisten a coin with water and cover the bottle you removed from the freezer with it. After a few seconds, the coin will begin to jump and, hitting the neck of the bottle, make sounds like clicks.

Explanation: The coin is lifted by air, which in the freezer has shrunk and took up a smaller volume, and now has warmed up and began to expand.

6. Colored milk

Needed: Whole milk, food coloring, liquid detergent, cotton swabs, plate.

Experience: Pour milk into a plate, add a few drops of color. Then you need to take a cotton swab, dip it in the detergent and touch the stick to the very center of the plate of milk. The milk will begin to move and the colors will mix.

Explanation: The detergent reacts with the fat molecules in the milk and makes them move. This is why skim milk is not suitable for the experience.

7. Fireproof bill

Needed: Ten-ruble bill, tongs, matches or lighter, salt, 50% alcohol solution (1/2 part alcohol to 1/2 part water).

Experience: Add a pinch of salt to the alcohol solution, immerse the bill in the solution so that it is completely saturated. Remove the bill from the solution with tongs and let the excess liquid drain. Set fire to the bill and watch it burn without burning.

Explanation: The combustion of ethyl alcohol produces water, carbon dioxide and heat (energy). When you light a bill, alcohol burns. The temperature at which it burns is not enough to evaporate the water that is soaked in the paper bill. As a result, all the alcohol burns out, the flame goes out, and a slightly damp dozen remains intact.

9. Camera obscura

You will need:

Long exposure camera (up to 30 s);

A large sheet of thick cardboard;

Masking tape (for pasting cardboard);

A room with a view of anything;

Sunny day.

1. We glue the window with cardboard so that the light does not come from the street.

2. In the center we make an even hole (for a room with a depth of 3 meters, the hole should be about 7-8 mm).

3. When the eyes get used to the darkness, an upside-down street will appear on the walls of the room! The effect will be most visible on a bright sunny day.

4. Now the result can be shot with a camera at a long exposure. A shutter speed of 10-30 seconds will do.

A remake of Ghostbusters is coming out very soon, and this is a great excuse to revisit the old film and explore non-Newtonian fluids. One of the heroes of the film, the silly ghost Lizun, is a good image for visualization. This is a character who loves to eat, and he also knows how to penetrate walls.

We need:

• potatoes,
• tonic.

What do we do

Cut the potatoes very finely (you can grind them in a food processor) and fill them with hot water. After 10-15 minutes, drain the water through a sieve into a clean bowl and set aside. A sediment will appear at the bottom - starch. Drain the water, the starch will remain in the bowl. Basically, you already have a non-Newtonian fluid. You can play with it and watch how it hardens under your hands, and itself becomes liquid. You can also add food coloring for a bright color.

Now let's add some magic.

The starch must be dried (left for a couple of days). And then add tonic to it and make a kind of dough that is easy to take in your hand. It will retain its consistency in the palms, and if you stop and stop kneading it, it will start to spread.

If you turn on the ultraviolet lamp, then you and your child will see how the dough starts to glow. This is due to the quinine in the tonic. It looks magical: a radiant substance that behaves as if it violates all the laws of physics.

2. Get superpowers

Comic book characters are especially popular now, so your child will love to feel like a powerful Magneto who knows how to manipulate metals.

We need:

• toner for the printer,
• magnet,
• vegetable oil.

What do we do

From the very beginning, get ready for the fact that after this experiment you will need a lot of napkins or rags - it will be quite dirty.

Pour about 50 ml of laser toner into a small container. Add two tablespoons of vegetable oil and mix very well. Done - you have a liquid in your hands that will react to a magnet.

You can attach a magnet to the container and watch how the liquid literally sticks to the wall, forming a funny "hedgehog". It will be even more interesting if you find a board on which it is not a pity to pour a little black mixture, and invite your child to use a magnet to control the drop of toner.

3. Turn milk into a cow

Encourage the child to solidify the liquid without freezing it. This is a very simple and impressive experience, however, to get the result, you have to wait a couple of days. But what an effect!

We need:

• glass,
• vinegar.

What do we do

We heat a glass of milk in the microwave or on the stove. Do not boil. Then you need to add a tablespoon of vinegar to it. And now we start getting in the way. We actively move the spoon in the glass to see how the white clots appear. This is casein, a protein found in milk.

When there are many clots, drain the mixture through a sieve. Everything that remains in the colander must be shaken, and then put on a paper towel and dry a little. Then start kneading the material with your hands. It will look like dough or clay. At this stage, you can add food coloring or glitter to make the white mass brighter and more interesting for the baby.

Invite your child to mold something from this material - a figurine of an animal (for example, a cow) or some other object. But you can just put the mass in a plastic mold. Leave to dry for a day or two.

When the mass is dry, you will have a figurine made of a very hard hypoallergenic material. This "homemade plastic" was used until the 1930s. Casein was used to make jewelry, accessories, buttons.

4. Control the snakes

Reacting vinegar and baking soda is one of the most boring experiences imaginable. "Volcanoes" and "pops" will not be of interest to modern children. But you can offer the child to become a "lord of snakes" and show how the acid and alkali react after all.

We need:

• packaging of jelly worms,
• soda,
• vinegar.

What do we do

We take two large transparent glasses. Pour water into one and add soda. We mix. We open the package of jelly worms. It is better to cut each of them lengthwise, to make it thinner. Then the experience will be more spectacular.

Thin worms should be put in a mixture of water and soda and mixed. Set aside for 5 minutes.

Pour vinegar into another glass. And now we add to this vessel the worms that have been in a glass of soda. Because of the soda, bubbles will be visible on their surface. This means that the reaction is underway. The more worms you add to the glass, the more gas will be released. And after a while, the bubbles will lift the worms to the surface. Add more baking soda - the reaction will be more active and the worms themselves will begin to crawl out of the glass. Cool!

5. Make a hologram like in "Star Wars"

Of course, it is difficult to create a real hologram at home. But its semblance is quite real and not even very difficult. You will learn how to use the properties of light and turn 2D images into 3D images.

We need:

• smartphone,
• cD box,
• stationery knife,
• scotch,
• paper,
• pencil.

What do we do

You need to draw a trapezoid on paper. The drawing can be seen in the photo: the length of the lower side of the trapezoid is 6 cm, the upper side is 1 cm.

Carefully cut the trapezoid out of the paper and take out the CD case. We need a transparent part of it. Attach the pattern to the plastic and use a utility knife to cut a trapezoid out of the plastic. Repeat three more times - we need four identical transparent elements.

Now they need to be glued together with tape so that it looks like a funnel or a truncated pyramid.

Take your smartphone and launch one of the such videos ... Place the plastic pyramid, narrow side down, in the center of the screen. Inside you will see a "hologram".

You can play a video with characters from Star Wars and, for example, recreate famous recording of Princess Leia or admire own miniature BB-8.

6. Get out of the water dry

Every child can build a sand castle on the seashore. How about lining it up under water? Along the way, you can learn the concept of "hydrophobic".

We need:

• colored sand for aquariums (you can take ordinary sand, but you need to rinse and dry it),
• hydrophobic shoe spray.

What do we do

Gently pour the sand onto a large plate or baking sheet. Apply a hydrophobic spray to it. We do this very carefully: spray, mix, repeat several times. The task is simple - to make sure that every grain of sand is enveloped in a protective layer.

When the sand is dry, collect it in a bottle or bag. Get a large container for water (such as a wide-mouth jar or aquarium). Show your child how hydrophobic sand works. If you pour it in a thin stream into water, it will sink to the bottom, but remain dry. This is easy to check: have the baby take some sand from the bottom of the container. As soon as the sand rises out of the water, it will crumble in the palm of your hand.

7. Keeping information classified is better than James Bond

Writing secret messages with lemon juice is a thing of the past. There is another way to get invisible ink, which also allows you to learn a little more about the reaction of iodine and starch.

We need:

• paper,
• brush.

What do we do

First, cook the rice. The porridge can be eaten later, but we need a decoction - there is a lot of starch in it. Dip a brush into it and write a secret message on paper, such as "I know who ate all the cookies yesterday." Wait for the paper to dry. The starchy letters will be invisible. To decipher the message, you need to moisten another brush or cotton swab in a solution of iodine and water and swipe it over what was written. Due to a chemical reaction, blue letters will begin to appear on the paper. Voila!