Many gardeners grow grapes for homemade wine. The operation of processing berries includes: extraction of juice and separation of the pulp. You can crush and crush the berries by hand (with small volumes) or in the press. More zealous gardeners use specialized crushers for this purpose. You can buy them in the factory or build them yourself. For self-production, it is necessary, at first, to study the types of structures and the basics of the functioning of the mechanism.

Varieties

All units are divided into mechanical (manual drive) and electrical (electric drive). Mechanical and electrical crushers can have a completely identical operating principle. The only difference is the absence or presence of an electric drive. Each of the varieties of grape press has a number of positive qualities and disadvantages. The choice of the device is made by winemakers taking into account the volume of processing and the required productivity.

With comb separator

The device, equipped with a comb separator, is a mechanism that not only crushes the berries, but also frees them from the stalks (ridges). This device has a simple structure. Grapes are placed in the tray, and an auxiliary roller is used to delimit the berries and stalks. After that, the grapes are crushed by means of two crushing rollers placed on opposite edges. The pulp goes to a special department. Mechanisms with a stalk separator are centrifugal-impact and roller.

Important. The use of a hand-type rake crusher is not practiced with Muscat table grapes. The harvest of this grape is harvested when the fruits are slightly dried and it is no longer possible to separate them from the stalks.

Without comb separator

By their design, the aggregates equipped with and without a ridge separator do not have significant differences, with the exception of the absence of ridges and the functionality of separating fruits from the hand. The procedure for processing raw materials is implemented more slowly due to the fact that the grapes require advance preparation - the separation of the grapes from the scallops.

Mechanical

Mechanical crushers are commercially available in two ways of loading: horizontal and vertical. In most cases, this applies to centrifugal type devices. This type of crusher works by means of centrifugal (tangential) force, with the help of which the bunches forcefully beat against the inside of the bunker. At the same time, the fruits are not only excellently crushed into small pieces, but also saturated with oxygen.

Mechanisms of this type are used to make red wines. As the result is a satisfying output of wine material with an increased amount of tanning and dyeing compounds. This adaptation, simultaneously with crushing the fruits, separates them from the stalks. The design of the unit includes: a housing equipped with a power-driven cover, a shaft with blades, a receiving hopper and a tray through which the ridges are removed.

With electric drive

This design is equipped with two handles that bring the shafts and the ridge separator into working condition, squeezing out the juice. It is not difficult to modify the equipment by linking both mechanisms into an integral manual or electrical control (installation of an electric drive).

Roll

Crushers of this type are designed to separate grapes from the ridges with further crushing of raw materials. The structure of the roll crusher includes: a beater shaft, a perforated (with holes placed in a certain order) cylinder and 4 rolls made of rubber "food", which function in pairs. The principle of operation of the crusher is as follows:

• the berries enter the device, where, under the influence of the beating shafts, the scallops are separated from the grapes and removed from the perforated cylinder;
• then the grapes fall through the perforation onto the shafts, through which crushing is performed.

The crusher is equipped with auxiliary devices that adjust the distance between the rolls within 3 × 8 millimeters. This allows, if necessary, to apply gentle pressure on the berries, depending on their quality characteristics and variety.

Manual

If the yield is insignificant, then any crusher can be replaced with a manual device. To do this, you need to purchase a whisk for construction mixers. The use of a whisk made on the basis of metal rods will efficiently and freely crush grape berries, but at the same time it will not grind the seeds.

To crush the grapes in a similar way, pour a small amount of berries into the container and beat with a whisk. After 2-3 minutes, you will get a ready-made pulp. The use of this crushing method is also good in that after crushing it, you can safely remove the separated scallops. The finished pulp is poured into another container and left to ferment.

How to make a crusher with your own hands

Today, stores have an extensive selection of devices for processing the resulting grape harvest, in particular, a mechanical type crushing machine for grapes DV-3. Nevertheless, if, for some reason, the available assortment does not suit you or does not suit you, you can take up the manufacture of such a device with your own hands. The grape crusher is a simple device from a technical point of view.

The creation of such a unit will not take much time and will not require substantial financial investments. At the same time, the productivity of the artisanal crushing device is not a drop worse than the factory equipment.

The stages of creating the simplest design are as follows.

1. Make a drawing of the apparatus or use a ready-made one as a basis.
2. Install the receiving hopper for filling the raw material. The configuration of the bunker is similar to an inverted truncated pyramid. The optimal material for its creation is hardwood (for example, oak). It is also possible to use stainless steel and plastic.
3. A blade shaft (from 4 to 6 blades) is mounted on the lower section of the receiving hopper. To create it, you need to take a tube (30-40 millimeters in diameter) and plates (15-20 centimeters long, 8-10 centimeters wide) made of stainless steel. The plates must be welded to the tube in a checkerboard pattern (alternating the mating sides of the elements every time).
4. We insert the vane shaft into the holes located in the lower segment of the receiving hopper.
5. We fix the mesh in the lower section of the receiving hopper. Its diameter should correspond to the size of the processed grapes. You can prepare at once a number of elements from a steel mesh with different mesh sizes and replace them, taking into account the type of grapes used.
6. The shaft is driven by a handle. To do this, it is necessary to bend the bar (at least 10-12 millimeters thick), giving it the shape of the broken line. One end of the handle is attached to the shaft.
7. The base of the device is the frame. It must be put together from wooden parts in dimensions that slightly overlap the dimensions of the lower section of the bunker. In height, it should be at least 15 centimeters.
8. 2 shafts are fixed to the frame with a distance of 2-3 millimeters between them. In order for the shafts to rotate towards each other, pulling the fruits inward, 2 gears are required. They can be taken from any mechanical device or ordered from a turning workshop. It is especially important that the parts are of the same type. The gears are mounted on shafts from the outside of the frame.
9. A handle should be placed on one of the shafts.

As a result, the most straightforward grape crushing device is ready to use. Buying a factory grape crusher or making a simple device with your own hands - it's up to everyone to decide.

In any case, this simple technique will facilitate and speed up the preparation of the original wine product.

For information on the types and rules for using a grape crusher, see the next video.

The harvesting of grapes ends with its processing, juice is obtained from it, wine is made. To facilitate this work and increase the percentage of the finished product yield, various devices are used, which make it possible to qualitatively grind plant raw materials before pressing. The best device for processing grapes is a crusher, with its help you will quickly and efficiently process the grown grapes.

Need a convenient grape crusher?

In our store there is a wide selection of grinders designed for processing grapes. From us you can purchase both small hand-driven crushers designed for small volumes, as well as models that can be used on an industrial scale.

Mechanical crushers for grapes

As practice shows, mechanical crushers are quite popular with buyers, and this is quite understandable: they are easy to use, reliable, and most importantly, affordable. In our store you will find several varieties of such grinders, in their production only materials intended for contact with food were used, easy maintenance and the possibility of cleaning are provided.

Advantages of a hand crusher with a comb separator

As mentioned above, before chopping the grapes, it must be separated from the brush. Of course, if the volume is small, you can do this manually, but most consumers value their time and prefer to buy a grape chopper that includes a device such as a comb separator. In them, crushing is carried out simultaneously with separation from branches and does not require additional time or repetition of the processing cycle. The advantage of a hand crusher with a comb separator is the low price in comparison with electric models, as well as mobility. It can be used where there is no electrical connection.

Electric crushers with comb separator

For those who are not going to spend a lot of time processing grapes, there are models of shredders with an electric drive. Their cost is higher, but they are much more convenient.

Kira Stoletova

Wine production starts from the moment the harvested crop arrives for processing. Previously, only manual labor was used to crush the bunches (more precisely, foot labor: in special vats, the wine berry was crushed with feet). The first grape crusher appeared in Spain at the beginning of the 17th century.

Now at the wineries, high-performance installations are used, capable of processing tens of tons of delivered raw materials per hour.

In a household, you can have a small device. But the production of small-sized cars was discontinued in the mid-80s of the last century. Therefore, winegrowers are forced to create them with their own hands or seek help from familiar specialists.

Features of the device

A do-it-yourself grape crusher is made according to several schemes.

• Roller device, two parallel rollers of a special shape rotate in it;
• Crushers with a reciprocating mechanism. With such a sequence, portions of raw materials are crushed and transferred to the accumulator;
• Grinding action crusher. In them, the activator rotates inside the mass of grapes, its blades actively affect the berries and break them;
• Hammer-type installations have a shaft, on which there is a rotor. Axes are located on the periphery, and hammer plates hang on the axes. When rotating under the action of centrifugal force, the plates diverge in different directions. The incoming raw material ends up on a perforated deck in the impact zone of the plates. The berries are broken up and in the form of pulp (crushed fruit and berry raw materials) are pushed into the drive;
• Screw type machines. Variable pitch auger available. The grape crusher compresses and moves the incoming mass, the bunches are squeezed, juice is released from them. In the crushed form, the raw materials are squeezed out of the processing zone into the technical process of wine fermentation;
• Eccentric: consist of a cylinder inside which a second cylinder rotates. In a certain position, the raw mass is compressed, the berries are crushed, the juice flows out. The resulting pulp is pressed through the perforated surface of the outer cylinder.

Important! For manufacturing, materials are used that do not enter into chemical reactions with juice: stainless steel, plastic, glass or wood.

After the processing of a certain amount of fruit and berry raw materials is completed, the installations are washed with alkaline solutions, and then rinsed with clean water.

Separators

An important option for a mechanical device is the comb separator. It separates the combs (brushes) from the berries. The principle of operation lies in the fact that the size of the branches significantly exceeds the flow area of ​​the perforation holes.

Design options:

• centrifugal type, the berries are detached from the ridges under the action of centrifugal force;
• shaking off action: the stalk of ripe grapes easily breaks, the bunch is divided into components;
• blade type: the blades are located on a rotating shaft, while a translational movement is created (the entire mass moves along a cylindrical surface with holes, the pulp falls down, and the ridges are brought out in a different direction).

Step-by-step manufacturing instructions

Design development

To make a grape crusher with your own hands, you need to develop a sketch or drawing of the future product.

Of all the variety of designs, it is easiest to make a roller device: it actively crushes the bunches.

In advanced designs, the distance between the rollers is adjustable.

Bunker

Crushers must have a hopper for 10-20 kg of grape mass. For manufacturing, you will have to use plastic, wooden shields or stainless steel sheets.

The hopper has a wide part at the top, and narrows at the bottom: this shape makes it possible to compress the product directed to the active working body.

Drive unit

A small homemade grape crusher is equipped with a handle: its axis is a continuation of one of the rollers.

For large-scale processing, an electric drive is needed. However, it should be borne in mind that the shaft rotation speed should be no more than 3-4 r / s. A geared motor with a speed of 180-240 rpm is used. Power will be required about 1-2 kW.

Container for berries

A homemade crusher can be tabletop, or it can be located on its own frame.

The container for the pulp is placed under the product. They use plastic buckets for food products, in which it is easier to transfer the semi-finished product to the fermentation tank.

Manufacturing of elements

Wooden rollers are installed inside. As a basis, birch or linden rolling pins are used.

For the protrusions of the grape crusher, slats (glazing beads) are used.

1. The length of the rolling pins is measured.
2. Sawed off by 6 glazing beads (12 in total).
3. Cylinders (rolling pins) are marked into 6 parts.
4. With the help of copper or brass nails, parts of the glazing beads are nailed in place - the rollers are ready.

Hopper elements are cut from plywood with a thickness of 4-6 mm. The fragments are fastened together with copper screws or nails. The finished parts are impregnated with hot drying oil or a primer for outdoor use (double coating).

For a homemade grape crusher and roller installation, closed bearings are selected, which are fixed on the outside of the bunker. Housings made of stainless steel or bronze are used.

Electric crusher installation

The assembly must be done on the frame. It can be made from wooden blocks with a cross section (40x40 mm) or welded from shaped pipes (25x25 mm).

The electric grape crusher is equipped with a geared motor with a rotational speed of 180-240 rpm. A chain drive is used to drive the comb separator shaft. You can use bicycle sprockets.

Installation of a comb crusher

This grape crusher has a ridge separation mechanism, which is mounted below the rollers. It is a semi-cylinder made of stainless mesh with 15x15 mm cells.

The shaft is made from birch cuttings. Blades are made from a plate with a thickness of 0.8-1.5 mm (stainless steel). They are attached to the shaft with copper or brass screws. Set so that during rotation there is movement in the horizontal plane.

A half-cylinder is bent from a stainless mesh. The distance between the blades and the wall is not more than 5 mm.

Crushed berries fall through the cells, and the ridges move to unload.

Operating rules

Check the quality of the separation of the comb from the berries and the amount of uncrushed grapes.

1. A portion of grape bunches is prepared, usually 10-20 kg.
2. A container for collecting the pulp is installed.
3. Grapes are poured into the bunker.
4. The electric motor turns on.
5. The prepared portion of the raw material is processed.

Now you need to analyze the results. The mass of the ridges is weighed, and then the resulting pulp is weighed.

The sum of both masses is compared with the value of the mass of the feedstock. Lost mass is refined. Homemade grape crushers lose no more than 1-2% of the original weight.

Along the way, the number of ridges caught in the pulp is analyzed. The penetration of no more than 1% of the particles separated in the comb separator is considered satisfactory. If the result is outside the specified tolerance, the workflow is analyzed. Ways are being sought to improve efficiency.

The quality of the pulp is checked. No more than 3% of undamaged berries are allowed to pass. The efficiency can be improved by reducing the gap between the rollers. Some growers install a two-tier roller system, where the raw material goes through double grinding.

DIY grape crusher, crush tne grapes.

The simplest grape crusher / Household wine / 1st part

homemade grape crusher part number 1

1. For grapes, a mechanical grinder is suitable, which uses a roller grinder.
2. The electric drive will allow mechanizing the grape processing process.
3. Based on the test results, the efficiency of a small-sized grape crusher with a ridge separator is specified.

Grapes are a popular crop among gardeners. A tall vine with dense greenery is often used as a shelter for a gazebo or recreation area. And when the formed bunches ripen, you can additionally receive aesthetic pleasure. The benefits of berries are not even worth recalling, the bunches are enriched with a large amount of minerals and vitamins that are valuable for the human body.

Why do you need a grape crusher

Many summer residents grow grapes for home winemaking. The processing of berries includes squeezing the juice and separating the cake. Manual work can only be done with small volumes. More thrifty gardeners use special crushers for this purpose. They can be purchased pre-assembled or made by hand. For self-installation, you will first need to study the types of construction and the principles of the mechanism.

Types of crushers and principle of operation

All crushers are divided into mechanical and electrical. The principle of operation of the equipment on electric power supply practically does not differ from the design of the manual type. A feature of productive units is the presence of a comb separator, with the help of which the grapes are quickly and efficiently separated from the twigs. Only pure juice and grapes enter the crushing compartment.

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The simplest design is considered to be a wooden crusher equipped with shafts, a container for juice, separately for cake and a handle, the rotation of which drives the mechanism. This option is available with or without a comb separator.

Roll crushers have a more complex structure, which makes it possible to obtain high quality wort. The principle of operation is based on the rotation of the rolls in different directions. The distance between the moving parts is adjustable, this allows you to adjust the equipment for certain types of berries. The surface of the working elements can be smooth, embossed or bladed. Profile rolls are often preferred. The comb separator speeds up the processing of grapes, separating berries from the twig with high quality.

Shock-centrifugal structures work with the help of shock and rotational movements of the mechanism. Under the influence of the blows of the rotor, which rotates at a high speed (300-500 rpm), the berries are processed. This form of crushing guarantees a high quality wort with a high content of natural pigments. In this type of equipment, the comb separator is an obligatory element.

Advantages and disadvantages

To assess the need and usefulness of a grape crusher, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the advantageous qualities of the equipment:

Obtaining a high-quality pulp that does not contain a large number of extraneous components for the product;

Rational spending of time and energy;

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Simple and durable design that can be endlessly improved;

Possibility of using improvised means when assembling the crusher;

The use of stainless steel sheet material for the assembly of the unit reliably protects against rust formation during operation, and also prevents the formation of third-party odors in the juice.

The equipment does not have any significant drawbacks, except that it is not possible to use units with a comb separator to produce pulp from nutmeg varieties.

How to make a crusher with your own hands

It is quite possible to assemble a very technological, but overnight simple grape crusher. Its manufacturing costs are minimal, and in terms of efficiency it is not inferior to factory products intended for processing small volumes of raw materials.

Installation steps

1. Knock down the frame from the boards. It is preferable to use oak blanks. This element is shaped like two long boards connected by two short transverse elements. The parameters are determined depending on the dimensions of the rolls and the hopper, which are subsequently installed on the frame.

2. Prepare the rolls. They can be taken from an old washing machine (an element for wringing out linen) or made yourself from wood, giving the surface a relief. A pipe will also work. To make a relief on the surface, you need to draw several lines diagonally or along the end sides of the roll. Holes or notches with a depth of 5 mm and a diameter of 10 mm are made along the outline every 5 mm.

Homemade winemaking is difficult, time consuming, but at the same time interesting and exciting. Those who deal with large volumes of crops, in order to facilitate their work and speed up the process, resort to the use of various devices. The material contains information about grape crushers (crushers).

Purpose and principle of operation of the crusher

Crushers are designed to process grapes and get a mixture from which wine is later made. These devices are widely used in industrial production and at home in the manufacture of wine products. They are purchased ready-made or made independently, using drawings and diagrams.

Among the components of the crusher:

• loading compartment (bunker);
• parallel rollers that crush the grapes;
• compartment for collecting cake.

Did you know? The oldest winery known today is found in Armenia. It dates back to 4100-4000. BC NS.

The principle of operation of the unit is simple:

1. Grapes are loaded into the loading compartment.
2. The crushing rollers begin to move either mechanically or electrically.
3. As a result, pulp with juice is released from under the skin, and pulp is obtained, which is collected in a special compartment.

As a result of the operation of the unit, it is possible to achieve the following results:

• separate the juice from the cake;
• clean the pulp from vines and seeds;
• separate other parts of the plant (if necessary).

Varieties of grape crushers

Today there are several types of grape crushing devices. They can be manual or electric, with or without a comb separator. They are made of wood, plastic, stainless steel. The principle of their work is almost the same. Let's take a closer look at each of the varieties.

With or without a comb separator

Thanks to the grape ridges, the wine acquires a rich and tart taste. However, if there are too many of them, this will spoil the quality of the drink - it can become bitter, unattractive in color, cloudy. If you are working with varieties that make red wine, then you can leave the combs. However, in the production of a white drink, this is unacceptable: the combs must be removed. Accordingly, when choosing a device for obtaining pulp, it is necessary to take this moment into account and stop your choice on designs depending on the grape variety to be worked with and the type of wine.
Devices with a comb separator are of 2 types:

1. Roll.
2. Shock centrifugal.

Did you know? In Iran, jugs with sediment left from grape wine were found. They date back to 5400–5000. BC NS. It is known that in those days the drink was prepared to preserve perishable varieties. Whether it was used in ancient times for intoxication is unknown.

Roll crushers

This type of device has two or more parallel grooved, smooth or paddle rolls with four, six or eight blades. The distance between them can be adjusted. They rotate in different directions. This variety is the most popular among winemakers.

Impact centrifugal crushers

Crushers belonging to this variety are made vertical and horizontal. The principle of operation is that the crushing of the grapes and the separation of the ridges are carried out due to impacts during the rotation of the rotor. With the help of such devices, it is possible to achieve the maximum purified pulp from impurities.

Mechanical crushers

A mechanical or manual grape crushing device has a handle. With the help of it, the crushing rollers begin to move. Such a unit must be chosen if the volume of processed products does not exceed 500-700 kg. The most popular designs are made of stainless steel, as they can be easily disassembled and washed.

They can serve for a long time and do not impart any foreign odors to wine products. At home, wooden mechanical structures are often used. They are also the easiest to make with your own hands.

Electrical

When using electrical units, the wort production process takes place with the help of a metal blade in the form of a screw or a rotor. When it moves, the bunches are ejected, and the pulp enters a special compartment. The performance of such devices can vary from 1200 to 2300 kg / h.

Advantages and disadvantages of using

• There are several advantages to working with a crusher:
• you can get high-quality pulp without impurities in a short time;
• significant savings in time and effort;
• the unit is simple and reliable to use;
• the possibility of long-term use;
• less loss of pulp.

Disadvantages can be noted in mills with a comb separator - they are not suitable for processing bunches of nutmeg varieties.

How to make a hand crusher with your own hands

You can actually make a mechanical wood crusher with your own hands. It is advisable to resort to this process if the volume of processed grapes is small, or when a person makes wine only for the purpose of his own use.

Important! If there were no oak boards on the farm, the bunker can be made of stainless steel or plastic.

The following materials will be required:

• oak wooden boards;
• wooden beam (section 0.5 × 0.5 cm);
• crushing rollers (suitable from a failed activator-type washing machine, used for wringing out things, from rolling pins for rolling out dough, purchased in a store) - 2 pcs.;
• metal studs - 2 pcs.;
• metal gears - 2 pcs.;
• stainless steel mesh with cells measuring 10–12 mm;
• shaft with blades;
• colorless varnish for wood;
• rotation handle;
• pulp receiver.

Step-by-step manufacturing instructions are as follows:

Video: the process of making a grape crusher comb

So, a grape crusher can significantly speed up and simplify the process of making raw materials for grape wine.

Important! The materials from which a homemade grape crush is made must be resistant to oxidation, since the juice has an increased acidity.

It is easy to use and can be purchased ready-made or made with your own hands using the drawings and recommendations.