Organizational, technical and technological requirements for the production and technical base of diagnostic stations, as well as technological processes for checking the technical condition of vehicles are established by the Regulation on Requirements for Diagnostic Stations and Technical Control Points, approved by the decree of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Belarus dated November 28, 2002 No. No. 40.
Diagnostic station is a complex of engineering structures and technological equipment designed for the implementation of state technical inspection of vehicles.
This definition implies that the diagnostic station is created by construction or reconstruction in compliance with all the norms and requirements for organizing an efficient and high-performance process of conducting technical inspection with ensuring the proper quality of customer service.
The following mandatory elements should be located on the territory of the diagnostic station:
The territory should be provided with artificial lighting in the dark, and also be fenced around the perimeter.
Access roads to the production premises must meet the requirements for the organization of one-way traffic of vehicles without crossing streams while ensuring the possibility of maneuvering cars and road trains on the roadway.
Waiting areas and parking for technically faulty vehicles must be marked with road signs, and their boundaries - with appropriate road markings.
Driveways and parking areas for vehicles must have a firm and level surface (usually asphalt or cement concrete).
It is recommended to choose the width of the site before entering the industrial premises at least the width of the premises from the side of the entrance gate, and the length - at least 30 m.
Requirements are imposed on the production facilities of diagnostic stations in accordance with ONTP 01 - 86 "All-Union standards for technological design of road transport enterprises".
The height of the room from the floor to the bottom of the protruding building structures, where flow lines and technical diagnostic posts should be located, must be chosen at least 4.0 m for cars and 5.5 m for trucks and buses.
The geometric dimensions of the flow lines for technical diagnostics should be selected according to the table:
Table. Parameters of production lines for technical diagnostics of vehicles
For the entry (exit) of vehicles into the production facility, entrance gates are constructed on each of the technological inspection lines, which are equipped with thermal curtains. It is recommended to choose a door width of 4.0 m for universal lines and 2.5 m for passenger car lines.
Inspection of the technical condition of trucks and buses should be carried out using inspection ditches. The number of such ditches should correspond to the number of production lines. The length of the ditch is determined taking into account the maximum length of the vehicle that is allowed to be checked on a given line (post), and an emergency exit from it, and the width of the ditch is determined taking into account the possibility of vehicles with a minimum track that can be checked on this line (post ). The depth of the ditch should provide free access to units, assemblies and parts of the rolling stock and be 1.3 ... 1.5 m for universal lines. arrival of vehicles. The tunnel for the exit from the ditch must have a width of at least 1 m and a height of at least 2 m.The number of exits should be such that the distance to the nearest exit is at least 25 m.If there is one exit from the ditch, brackets are mounted in its wall opposite the exit for an emergency exit. The exits from the tunnels are fenced off with handrails with a height of at least 0.9 m. Inspection ditches along their entire length should be equipped with flanges to prevent vehicle wheels from entering the ditch, and at the entrance - with a splitter. The height of the divider should be 0.15.0.20 m. The ditches are additionally equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation. The walls of the inspection ditches and tunnels are faced with light-colored ceramic tiles. The ditch floors are located at an angle of up to 1% towards the drainage pit. Above inspection ditches, the length of which exceeds the shortest of the number of vehicles to be checked, walkways shall be constructed with a width of at least 0.8 m. The number of bridges is determined taking into account the largest number of vehicles simultaneously checked on this ditch.
Production lines are equipped with production lines to check the technical condition of vehicles. These lines must meet the requirements of the Occupational Safety Regulations in Road Transport and the Fire Safety Requirements for production facilities and workshops of road transport enterprises.
Industrial and administrative premises are equipped with telephone communications.
During state inspection, as a rule, diagnostic lines are used for checking passenger cars, designed for the axle load of the vehicle being checked, not more than 3.5 tons, and universal lines, designed for an axle load of at least 10 tons.
At diagnostic stations, only diagnostic flow lines are used, designed for travel posts located in a row between the entrance and exit from the production building.
Technological posts where checks are carried out with the engine running (checks of smoke and toxicity of exhaust gases, braking performance indicators) are equipped with systems for removing exhaust gases from the exhaust pipe of the vehicle.
On lines for diagnosing passenger cars, it is allowed to use floor lifts, which provide lifting of vehicles installed on the lift platform with all four wheels.
At the technological posts, technical normative legal acts are posted, regulating the requirements and methods for checking the technical condition of vehicles, as well as checkpoints with an indication of safety rules and recommendations for safe work practices.
In addition, posts (production lines) are provided with reference books and technical normative legal acts, including instructions and manuals for the operation of the vehicles being inspected.
The diagnostic station must provide a workplace for a specialist who is issuing a permit for admitting a vehicle to participate in road traffic.
An organization that has a diagnostic station must provide appropriate conditions for receiving and serving customers. The place for receiving customers should be marked with appropriate signs and information signs. If it is impossible to organize a place for receiving customers outside the production premises, it is allowed to organize it inside this premises, subject to the necessary safety standards.
The technological process includes a certain sequence of operations to check the compliance of the technical condition of vehicles, their components and additional equipment with the requirements of technical regulatory legal acts in the field of road safety and environmental protection.
Inspection of the technical condition of vehicles is carried out without disassembling any part of the vehicle and should be carried out within a limited time (on average, no more than 30 minutes per vehicle). The actual time may vary depending on the category of the vehicle and its technical condition.
The parameters checked during the state technical inspection of vehicles must comply with STB 1641-2006 “Road transport. Requirements for the technical condition for traffic safety conditions. Verification Methods ".
Checking the technical condition of vehicles is carried out using technical diagnostics. The list of such funds and the requirements for them are established by the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Belarus in agreement with the Committee for Standardization of the Republic of Belarus.
Measuring instruments used to check the technical condition of vehicles must pass state tests or metrological certification and have a certificate (verification stamp) of state verification in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Belarus.
The means of technical diagnostics provided by the technology along the posts (lines), as well as the technological route of movement of the vehicle, should ensure the most uniform distribution of the labor intensity of the work over the posts.
When forming the technology, the choice of groups of sequentially performed operations is made depending on the structures used (for example, overpass, elevator, inspection ditch, etc.) or posts equipped with technical diagnostics and garage equipment.
The composition of operations can be combined, and the sequence of their implementation must correspond to the placement of equipment and the route of movement of vehicles along the posts.
The sequence of operations at each post is planned taking into account the minimum transitions of the service personnel, including descents and ascents from the inspection ditch.
When equipping a production line (two or more sequentially located posts), it is necessary at its beginning to provide for the performance of technological operations to check the tire pressure and other operations performed at the post with drainage to remove moisture from the wheels and suspension.
At the end of the technological line, it is necessary to provide as the final operation of the technology the execution of documents based on the results of the check.
Diagnostic specialists who check the technical condition of vehicles must, as a rule, have a higher education in road transport or related specialties, a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category, as well as a document confirming the completion of training under the relevant program. They are responsible for the quality of checking the technical condition of vehicles and the reliability of the results obtained in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Belarus.
As a result, all the equipment will cost about 750,000 rubles; on the Internet, intermediaries offer the same list for a million rubles.
Used equipment is extremely rare in ads, and buying a pig in a poke is not entirely advisable. The invoices for the purchase of equipment for the accreditation of the VET are not needed, it is enough just to present documents on the verification, but it is not known whether it will be possible to pass it with used equipment.
2012 was marked for Russian motorists with the opening of a new era of technical inspection of vehicles. The Federal Law, adopted six months ago, came into force, transferring the authority to carry out technical inspections from the traffic police offices to the jurisdiction of commercial organizations. Independent technical inspection points began to appear, dealing with both the technical part and the execution of all documentary papers. Savvy entrepreneurs, especially those who already own auto repair shops, immediately saw in the new law a prospect for the development of their own auto business.
To acquire the status of a technical inspection point, you will have to collect a pile of permitting papers. The main document is an accreditation certificate obtained from the RAS (Union of Motor Insurers). Write there a letter of application (or carry it in person) and attach a set of photocopies to it:
The decision of the RAS is given 10 days (working), after which you receive either a refusal (with justification of the reasons), or the news that you are included in the register of certified operators.
In the application, you indicate the category of transport for which you are applying for technical inspection. It can be:
The accreditation certificate itself costs 20,000 rubles. Each category entered is estimated at 10 thousand. Annual confirmation of accreditation will cost 15 thousand, and another 10 thousand - confirmation of each category of inspection. Making additions or changes to the certificate will also cost a certain amount of money according to the approved price list.
If you are the owner of car repair shops, then you will not need additional space. If you are starting from scratch, then the main requirement for the premises is the sufficiency of the territory for technical inspection.
As for the equipment, you need to focus on last year's December order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade (No. 1677), which outlines the requirements for technical diagnostics and their list. In particular, you will need:
According to experienced professionals, the entire set of equipment will cost the owner of the technical center in the amount of 250 thousand to a million rubles.
A technical expert is a person who determines the "fate" of a vehicle. It is he who conducts diagnostics and accepts a verdict on the issue or non-issue of a technical inspection coupon. By putting his signature, he assumes all responsibility, therefore, the requirements for such an employee will be appropriate. A technical expert, according to order No. 1664 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, must have:
Previously, the payment consisted of the cost of technical inspection and state duty (300 rubles). Now commercial points take money only for technical inspection, and the prices are set by themselves. The only limitation is that the cost should not exceed the maximum approved tariff.
Private maintenance operators, as a rule, conclude direct contracts with PCA and manufacturers of technical standards, which guarantees them uninterrupted provision of new forms.
All accredited companies must transfer daily data on the carried out technical inspections to a unified system (UAIS TO) through the traffic police website. If you do not do this or make a mistake in the data, the validity of the certificate is suspended. The same sanctions are possible in the event of a recorded non-compliance with the inspection procedure or untimely confirmation of the certificate.
After repeated violations during the year you may be deprived of your certificate, but entrepreneurs who value their business usually do not get to such "embarrassment".
A private inspection point is, in fact, a "gold mine". At the initial stage, he will "take" about half a million from you, but with the right approach, he will pay off a hundredfold in a year.
Prepared by editors: "Business GiD"
www.site
In July 2011, the Federal Law “On Technical Inspection of Vehicles and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation” was adopted. In accordance with this law, since 2012, the technical inspection, which was previously carried out by the traffic police, was transferred to commercial organizations - independent inspection points. They not only deal with the technical part (carry out the inspection itself), but also draw up all the necessary documents. Many entrepreneurs saw this as an excellent opportunity to develop their auto business.
In order to obtain the status of a vehicle inspection point, you must have an accreditation certificate from the Russian Union of Auto Insurers (RAS). The same organization also controls the activities of private inspection points. To obtain an accreditation certificate, it is enough to send a letter to the RAS (or bring it in person) with an application and the following documents:
The owner of a commercial inspection point can choose one or several areas of accreditation, that is, the categories of vehicles that he is entitled to inspect. There are the following categories of vehicles: motor vehicles (L); vehicles used for the carriage of passengers and having no more than eight seating places in addition to the driver's seat (M1); vehicles used for the carriage of passengers, which, in addition to the driver's seat, have more than eight seats, and the maximum mass of which does not exceed five tons (M2); vehicles used for the carriage of passengers and having, in addition to the driver's seat, more than eight seats, with a maximum mass exceeding five tons (M3); vehicles intended for the carriage of goods and having a technically permissible maximum mass not exceeding 3.5 tons (N1); vehicles intended for the carriage of goods with a maximum mass exceeding 3.5 tons, but not exceeding 12 tons (N2); vehicles for the carriage of goods weighing over 12 tons (N3), etc.
Within ten working days from the date of receipt of your application in the RAS, a decision is made to issue an accreditation certificate or to refuse (for example, if the documents were not drawn up in accordance with the requirements or if the applicant submitted inaccurate data). If a positive decision is made, all information about the new operator is entered into the official register.
For the accreditation certificate, according to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 03.11.2011 No. 912 "On the amount of fees for accreditation in the field of technical inspection", you will have to pay 20 thousand rubles, as well as 10 thousand rubles for each item of technical inspection, which was indicated in the application. Annual confirmation of compliance with accreditation requirements will cost 15 thousand rubles, plus again 10 thousand rubles for each item of technical inspection.
If at the beginning of the existence of your company you choose several areas (for example, L, M1, M2), and in the future you are going to expand their number, if your company changes its name or if the owner's personal data change, then in all these cases it is necessary to renew the accreditation certificate. will pay 15 thousand rubles plus 10 thousand rubles for each item of technical inspection.
If you are going to increase the number of your inspection points, then the renewal of the certificate will cost 10 thousand rubles, plus another 10 thousand rubles for each inspection point specified in the application.
Almost any room with a suitable area is suitable for organizing a maintenance point. But you can't do without special equipment. The requirements for it are given in the order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia No. 1677 of December 6, 2011 "On approval of the main technical characteristics of technical diagnostics and their list." In particular, you will need:
According to the owners of this type of business, the total cost of the equipment required for vehicle inspections ranges from 250-300 thousand to 1 million rubles. If you have not preserved documents on the purchase of any equipment for conducting technical inspections, you can confirm the fact of possession of it by certificates of its verification issued by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology. There are also committees of this agency in the regions.
If everything is clear enough with the equipment and premises, then the requirement for a qualified specialist at each inspection point raises many questions.
A technical expert is an employee who meets certain qualification requirements. He conducts technical diagnostics of cars, and it is he who makes the decision to issue a technical inspection coupon and certifies it with his signature. The expert must have a certain education, skills and work experience, according to the Order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia No. 1664 of December 1, 2011 "On the approval of qualification requirements for technical experts." In particular, a technical expert can be a specialist who has:
Before the entry into force of the new law, the fee for passing a technical inspection consisted of a state duty (300 rubles) and the cost of the inspection itself. From this year onwards, commercial inspection offices only charge a fee for a duty-free inspection. The maximum amount of the cost of these services is determined for each subject of the federation separately. The most expensive technical inspection will cost in the Moscow region and in the Primorsky Territory.
In most other regions, the cost of this procedure has practically not changed (from 100 to 2300 rubles, depending on the vehicle category and region). Companies performing technical inspections have the right to set their own prices for their services. The only requirement is that they cannot be higher than the maximum established tariff.
Maintenance operators have the right to conclude triple contracts with PCA and manufacturers of technical inspection coupons, which allows them to independently provide themselves with new forms.
All duly accredited companies are obliged to transfer data on their technical inspections and issued coupons to a single automated system (UAIS TO) on a daily basis. These data are necessary, first of all, for insurance companies, since the CTP policy from this year is issued only if there is a technical inspection coupon, the validity of which expires no earlier than six months later. No special software is required to transfer data. It is carried out through the traffic police website.
The validity of the certificate may be suspended if, for example, you made a mistake when transferring information to a unified automated system, violated the procedure for conducting a technical inspection, or could not go through the annual procedure to confirm the compliance of your item with the established requirements. After two such violations during the year, the certificate is canceled.
Many technical inspection points are opened on the basis of existing auto repair shops. The law does not prohibit the combination of these types of activities. At the same time, the owner of the technical inspection point himself is not entitled to carry out an inspection of his own vehicle. Since the inspection is carried out on the basis of an agreement, it is impossible to conclude an agreement with oneself. Please note: there is no need to sign an agreement with your clients in paper form, since the payment for the inspection services automatically confirms the fact of the conclusion of the agreement.
The minimum start-up capital for opening your own inspection point is 500 thousand rubles. In the absence of other sources of profit (for example, a car repair shop), the payback period for these investments is about one year.
What is needed to start a business?
In order to obtain the status of a technical inspection point, you first need to collect a lot of permits. First of all, it is necessary to obtain an accreditation certificate from the RAS.
In order for the accreditation to be passed, you must submit an application to the relevant service and attach a package of required documents to it. After 10 days, the RAS must inform you of their decisions - either you will be denied, or you will be entered in the register of items that have been certified.
It is worth noting that the application must indicate the category of transport, the inspection of which you plan to carry out. Obtaining an accreditation certificate is not a free procedure, and if the decision is positive, you will have to pay 20,000 rubles. For each of the categories of cars, you will have to pay 10,000 rubles. The certificate must be confirmed every year, its cost reaches 15,000 rubles, and for re-entering each category, you will have to pay 10,000 for each.
Premises
The business plan of the technical inspection point assumes that if you open the point while the workshop is working, then you will not need to rent additional space. If you are organizing a technical inspection point from the very beginning, then the main thing is that there is enough territory to carry out all the necessary work.
Equipment
In order to check cars, you will need the following equipment:
According to the calculations of specialists, the owner will need an amount from 250,000 to 1,000,000 rubles to purchase a complete list of equipment.
Recruiting professional staff
In order to check vehicles, you need to hire a technical expert who can professionally carry out diagnostics and decide whether to issue or not issue a technical certificate. Rather stringent requirements are imposed on such workers, since after they put their signatures, they take full responsibility for the quality of the diagnostics performed.
What other features does the business plan of the technical inspection point have?
Previously, before the adoption of the new law, motorists had to pay a state duty in the amount of 300 rubles, as well as pay the cost of technical inspection. By commercial points, the rates are set independently, but not higher than those restrictions that are established by law.
After the accreditation has been passed, the technical inspection point is obliged to transfer to the traffic police all the data on the technical inspections carried out for the day. If this condition is not met, the validity of the certificate will be suspended.
The profitability of the business plan of the inspection point
The initial investment in a technical inspection point will amount to approximately 500,000 rubles, but if you approach the organization of the case correctly, then the costs will pay off within 1 year.