). In the food industry, E262 additive is used as a preservative, acidity regulator and flavoring agent.

In terms of their physical properties, sodium acetates are colorless crystalline substances with a faint odor of acetic acid. Sodium acetates obtained for industrial purposes can have a hue from light yellow to brown depending on the impurities present. E262 additive has low solubility in ethers and alcohols, but at the same time high solubility in aqueous solutions. Sodium acetates are non-flammable and have low toxicity.

In the food industry, two types of E262 additive are used:

• E262i - sodium acetate, ( Sodium acetate) with the chemical formula of the substance: C 2 H 3 NaO 2;
• E262ii - Sodium diacetate or sodium hydrocetate (Sodium diacetate, Sodium hydrogen acetate) with the chemical formula C 4 H 7 NaO 4 H 2 O.

Sodium acetates are industrially produced in several ways, for example by reacting sodium carbonates or hydroxides with acetic acid.

• 2CH 3 COOH + Na 2 CO 3 → 2CH 3 COONa + H 2 O + CO 2

Sodium acetate is often found in nature. It is one of the constituent cells of animals and plants. Sodium acetate is present along with naturally occurring acids in most fruits. In addition, it is a product of bacterial fermentation and, therefore, is present in all fermented milk products.

The use of the food supplement E262 does not lead to any side effects, because acetates are a common component of all cells in the body. E262 supplements should be avoided by only a small percentage of people who are allergic to vinegar. It is believed that the average organism can process the E262 supplement in any quantity, therefore the maximum daily dose of sodium acetate in Russia has not been established.

In the food industry, E262 additive is used for canning vegetables and fruits to soften the taste of acetic acid. In addition, by adding sodium acetate along with calcium acetate in small amounts to flour, manufacturers protect against potato disease bacteria ( Bacillus mesentericus) your bakery products. Also, the E262 additive is used as a flavoring agent in the production of chips, imparting a slightly vinegar taste and aroma to the product.

In addition to the food industry, sodium acetates are widely used:

• in medicine - it is part of a number of drugs, used as a diuretic, used in the production of chemical heating pads;
• in construction - as an additive that improves the antifreeze properties of concrete;
• in chemistry - to obtain various chemical compounds, such as acetic anhydride;
• In photography, electroplating;
• in the textile industry when dyeing fabrics, tanning skins.

Food additive E262 is included in the list of approved food additives in most countries of the world, including the Russian Federation and Ukraine.

Food preservative E262 Sodium acetate or sodium salt of acetic acid differs in its properties from other preservatives used in the manufacture of food. Unlike the latter, it is not able to suppress the development of pathogenic bacteria, but acts as acetates, which are formed during the fermentation of microbiological substances.

Externally, the food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is a white powder or crystals that are colorless, that is, colorless. This additive is obtained from natural raw materials - wood, which is distilled by a dry method.

Sodium acetates are mainly used in the production of various dyes and chemical derivatives such as acetic anhydride and vinyl acetates, as well as in the manufacture of electrolytes, in tanning and dyeing leather.

In medicine, the food preservative E262 Sodium Acetates is used as an alkaline agent, while in everyday practice it is necessary for making hot ice. It can often be found in chemical heating pads.

In addition, sodium acetates are suitable for the production of light and fine-grained concrete in the construction of reinforced concrete and concrete structures. E262 is successfully used in the construction of masonry structures in low temperature conditions. The fact is that this substance prevents the freezing of the concrete mixture during transportation, as well as during masonry and in the compaction process.

The harm of food preservative E262 Sodium acetates

Despite such a widespread use of this substance, manufacturers know that the harm of the food preservative E262 sodium acetate for the human body is quite probable. In particular, it is not recommended to use products containing E262 for people with diseases of the vegetative-vascular system, intestines, kidneys, liver, as well as in the presence of hypertension, dysbiosis and cholecystitis.

The harm of the food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is directly related to the fact that when it gets into the digestive tract, it is able to transform into especially toxic nitrites and carcinogenic substances. It has been scientifically established that with excessive use of this supplement, the development of malignant neoplasms is even likely, not to mention severe allergic reactions.

Large doses of this preservative often cause severe poisoning, the main symptoms of which are, as a rule, acute persistent abdominal pain, sudden cramps, along with discoloration of the lips and nails. In addition, dizziness, headaches of an increasing nature, impaired coordination of movement, difficulty breathing, and even short-term loss of consciousness or deep fainting are often observed.

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Sodium Acetates CH3COONa, - sodium salts of acetic acid. Registered as a food additive E-262.

Application of sodium acetates

Sodium acetate used in the textile industry to neutralize waste sulfuric acid in wastewater and as a photoresist when using aniline dyes. Also used in chrome salt tanning (for pickling), and slows down the vulcanization of chloroprene in the production of synthetic rubbers.

Sodium acetate known as a food supplement E-262, and is used as a preservative.

As a salt of a weak acid, in solution sodium acetate and acetic acid can be used as a buffer to maintain a relatively constant pH. It is especially useful in biochemistry in pH-dependent reactions.

Sodium acetate It is also used in everyday life as a compound of chemical heating pad (English heating pad) or chemical heaters (English Hand warmer), it is used as a component of a mixture of "hot ice" exothermic process). When sodium acetate trihydrate (which has a melting point of 58 ° C) is heated to 100 ° C (usually a container with it is placed in boiling water), it melts and goes into an aqueous solution of sodium acetate. When this sodium acetate solution is cooled, it forms a supersaturated solution of sodium acetate in water. This solution is perfectly subcooled to room temperature without the formation of a solid phase, then by pressing on the metal disk in the container, a crystallization center is formed, which, growing, makes the supersaturated solution go back into the solid phase of sodium acetate trihydrate. This process occurs with a significant release of heat (exothermic reaction), with the process released about 264-289 kJ / kg (Heat of phase transition).

Scope of technical sodium acetate:

Technical sodium acetate ( Sodium acetate technical) is a trihydrate of sodium salt of acetic acid, produced in the form of flakes or pieces of irregular shape.

Sodium acetic acid is used as an antifreeze additive for heavy, fine-grained and light concrete, in the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures, monolithic parts of prefabricated monolithic structures, embedding of joints, in the manufacture of prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete products and structures in unheated buildings as well as on landfills, when erecting masonry structures in winter conditions at an outside air temperature from plus 5 to minus 15 degrees Celsius.

Obtaining sodium acetates

Receive sodium acetate the interaction of NaOH or Na2CO3 with acetic acid or its esters, during dry distillation of wood with Na2CO3, etc.

Application of sodium acetates E-262

Sodium acetate used in the production of dyes, soaps, acetic anhydride, acetyl chloride, vinyl acetate, Cu acetates, etc., as a mordant for dyeing fabrics and tanning leather, a diuretic agent in medicine, a polycondensation catalyst, a component of acid fixatives in photography, buffer solutions, electrolytes in electroplating. In medicine sodium acetates used as alkalizing agents (hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis)

Food preservative E262 Sodium acetate or sodium salt of acetic acid differs in its properties from other preservatives used in the manufacture of food. Unlike the latter, it is not able to suppress the development of pathogenic bacteria, but acts as acetates, which are formed during the fermentation of microbiological substances.

Externally, the food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is a white powder or crystals that are colorless, that is, colorless. This additive is obtained from natural raw materials - wood, which is distilled by a dry method.

Sodium acetates are mainly used in the production of various dyes and chemical derivatives such as acetic anhydride and vinyl acetates, as well as in the manufacture of electrolytes, in tanning and dyeing leather.

In medicine, the food preservative E262 Sodium Acetates is used as an alkaline agent, while in everyday practice it is necessary for making hot ice. It can often be found in chemical heating pads.

In addition, sodium acetates are suitable for the production of light and fine-grained concrete in the construction of reinforced concrete and concrete structures. E262 is successfully used in the construction of masonry structures in low temperature conditions. The fact is that this substance prevents the freezing of the concrete mixture during transportation, as well as during masonry and in the compaction process.

The harm of food preservative E262 Sodium acetates

Despite such a widespread use of this substance, manufacturers know that the harm of the food preservative E262 sodium acetate for the human body is quite probable. In particular, it is not recommended to use products containing E262 for people with diseases of the vegetative-vascular system, intestines, kidneys, liver, as well as in the presence of hypertension, dysbiosis and cholecystitis.

The harm of the food preservative E262 Sodium acetate is directly related to the fact that when it gets into the digestive tract, it is able to transform into especially toxic nitrites and carcinogenic substances. It has been scientifically established that with excessive use of this supplement, the development of malignant neoplasms is even likely, not to mention severe allergic reactions.

Large doses of this preservative often cause severe poisoning, the main symptoms of which are, as a rule, acute persistent abdominal pain, sudden cramps, along with discoloration of the lips and nails. In addition, dizziness, headaches of an increasing nature, impaired coordination of movement, difficulty breathing, and even short-term loss of consciousness or deep fainting are often observed.

Most housewives received the E 262 food supplement at home at least once in their lives. Knowledge in chemistry is not necessary for this. It is enough to "extinguish" the soda.

The result of the reaction is sodium acetate. The connection, which is safe for health, has proven itself as well.

The chemical substance in the international codification is listed under the index E 262 (in other documents, the spelling E-262 may be found).

GOST 54626–2011 consolidated the definition of Sodium Acetates (international synonym for Sodium Acetates).

Food grade sodium acetates are represented by two chemical types:

1. Sodium acetate:
   • Sodium Acetatei;
   • sodium acetate (chemical name);
   • E 262i.
2. Sodium diacetate:
   • Sodium Acetateii;
   • sodium hydroacetate;
   • sodium acetate, sour (chemical name);
   • Sodium Hydrogen Acetate (Sodium Diacetate);
   • E 262ii.

German names: Natriumacetat, Natrium salz der Essigsaure.

French: Acetate de Sodium, Sel de Sodium de l'aside acetique.

Substance type

Food grade sodium acetates belong to the group artificial preservatives... In terms of chemical composition, they are sodium salts of acetic acid. The production raw materials are:

• acetic acid;
• refined caustic soda;
• soda ash;
• caustic soda;
• sodium carbonate;
• sodium carbonate sour.

The main method of obtaining dry distillation of wood raw materials with sodium salt of carbonic acid. The technology of combining acetic acid (or its esters) with bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide is popular.

Properties

Sodium acetate (E 262i)

Sodium diacetate (E 262ii)

Package

According to GOST 54626–2011, the following can be used for packing food sodium:

• woven grocery bags made of polypropylene (used most often);
• corrugated cardboard boxes for confectionery;
• multilayer paper bags.

A mandatory requirement is the presence of an additional insert made of durable polyethylene intended for packaging food products.

It is allowed to pack food preservatives in other safe containers (barrels, cans, containers).