If you are an experienced culinary specialist, you most likely heard this name, if not, then the information provided will fully answer the question: what are capers?
Caper is not a fruit or vegetable, it is a plant. Shrub on which these small, unblown buds grow. What do capers look like? They are green in color with petals that are just starting to develop.
The buds are picked by hand, fresh they are inedible, therefore they are canned, pickled and used as a food additive.
They are very salty, they contain a lot of sodium, so they must be soaked before use.
Their taste is bright, spicy, slightly tart and sour. There is also a taste of mustard, as there is mustard oil in the stems.
How do capers grow? This is a small spiny shrub with long branches that spreads. He has very beautiful flowers. And he lives mainly in the cracks of walls or between stones.
There was a plant from Asia and the Mediterranean, and the main suppliers of capers are Italy, the Balkans, Italy, North Africa. It grows wild in Ukraine, in Central Asia and in the Caucasus.
Pure capers are not consumed. They are a seasoning or food supplement. Due to the pronounced taste, they saturate the dish, making it more vivid.
They are added to meat, fish and vegetable dishes. But not in whole form, but cut into small pieces or grinding them. This is done to mitigate a very sharp taste. It is recommended to put them when the dish is almost ready, since during the heat treatment the plant loses its properties.
If you like spicy dishes, you can make sandwiches with capers, bake pies and even desserts. They are an indispensable component of the Georgian hodgepodge.
An ideal combination is capers with anchovy or herring. In harmony with ground black pepper, fresh tomatoes and cheese.
The benefits of capers for the human body are quite large, because they are antioxidants, so it is recommended to include them more often in the diet.
Of course, for how many years this plant has been growing, a lot of dishes have already been invented, but among them there are the most popular and delicious ones that you need to try at least once.
The easiest cooking option for this plant.
Solyanka with capers is a dish that came from Georgia. If we used to cook it with pickles, then there, and in the countries of Europe, they are completely replaced by green buds.
Salad with capers is a very unusual dish, but it is due to these buds that the taste is spicy, refined.
A combination that few will leave indifferent.
In addition to independent dishes from buds, you can cook a delicious sauce.
If you can’t find green buds on sale, but really want to cook something with them, then you can try replacing them with something else. For example, olives or salted gherkins are considered a classic substitute.
Capers don’t eat fresh, they have a bitter taste
A plant with an interesting name, caper blooms with delightful large white flowers. But if you pick the buds that have not yet opened, then know that capers are in your palm. According to information from the botanical encyclopedia, the caper is called Capparis spinosa in Latin. The buds of the plant are small in size, greenish-brown in color. When canning, the color is preserved.
This creeping shrub with a high level of endurance - not every flower will feel fine on bare rocks, takes long roots that allow you to break through the smallest cracks in the stones. After flowering, berries appear on the plant.
A prickly caper came to all residential corners of the world from the northern part of Africa, first conquering southern Europe, and then exploring the Mediterranean countries, Asia, India, the Caucasus and the Crimean rocks. This spice is growing in North America.
Blooming caper flower
To the delight of many people, capers are classified as diet foods with a low calorie level - only 15–23 kilocalories per 100 g! Unbroken buds of caper in their composition have the lion's share of fiber, as well as vitamins of groups B, A, C, E and organic acids, up to 3% fat, 25% protein, trace elements. Buds are used only in pickled or salted form. Fresh product is very bitter and not very palatable.
Even ancient cooks began to add pickled or salted buds to many dishes. Thanks to this neighborhood, the taste of many dishes is significantly improved, since capers bring notes of spiciness, piquancy and some sourness.
Judging by numerous recipes, capers are wonderful complement fish dishes, hodgepodge, pizza, are used as an independent salad dressing. Italians prefer to add this piquant product to pasta and even martini. And the well-known tartar sauce also has these buds in its recipe. But caper bud buds are best combined with olives.
TIP!
Better to add the buds before the dish is fully cooked, as vitamins and oils of the product are preserved.
The similarity of capers to taste with pickled cucumbers is interesting, but the difference is that the former do not crunch and have a pronounced piquant flavor. Tartness, pungency, brackishness are complemented by a certain spicy aroma.
Although this product is very common today, it occupies a leading position in the kitchens of Mediterranean countries. Perhaps it is their inclusion in the composition of many recipes that attracts tourists to the cuisine of Italy and Greece.
Caper fruit
Before you decide if you want to taste dishes with pickled buds, let's figure out how capers are useful and whether there is harm from them.
Kaportsy, as the Greeks call them, are considered a strong antioxidant, as well as a product that improves blood circulation. From the use of dishes with caper buds, the appearance of the skin and hair improves. The iodine, zinc and iron included in the product will help with a deficiency of these trace elements in the body. But these are not all the useful properties of capers. Caper oil is included in the composition for protecting against ultraviolet radiation and moisturizing the skin.
ATTENTION!
Drinking even a small amount of caper buds promotes appetite.
Can kaportsy do harm? They can, since the product is classified as an allergen. It is better to exclude it from recipes for pregnant and lactating women. Do not be zealous with pickled buds for people who have a stomach ulcer and gastritis.
Food lovers who are happy to absorb anchovies, herring and capers together can notice high blood pressure. This contributes to the total large amount of salt in these products.
Gourmets divide this product into four types by quality. The best are the smallest smooth buds, measuring 6 mm, maximum 7. As a rule, jars with the name Non pareil with such contents are the most expensive.
TIP!
The smallest bud balls contain more vitamins.
The second place is held by Surfines. They are the largest by a millimeter in diameter. But they already have differences in taste from the most tiny and tender. Fines - buds with a diameter of 1 cm. Jars with centimeter capsules are already significantly inferior in price. The largest, about 1.5 cm, are called Grusas.
Different types of capers
Culinary art is truly amazing, and capers added to certain dishes dramatically change their taste for the better. Be sure to know some of the subtleties of using these wonderful dark green balls. For example, pickled caper buds for chopping sauces and salad dressings are finely chopped. Thus, their taste and aroma is fully revealed.
TIP!
Following the recipe, take a smaller amount of food for the first time. So, familiarization with a new type of food will be more successful, given the fact that allergies are possible.
If the food is cooked, flower buds should be added at the very end of cooking. So you save both color, and taste, and more vitamins. If there is a choice, then the best solution is to add kaportsy directly to the finished hot dish, 15 minutes before serving.
IMPORTANT NUANCE!
When preparing recipes containing capers, salt the dish more carefully.
Where do capers add, because they cannot be a separate dish? Their addition to some products dramatically changes the recipe and perception of food.
Ideal addition to meat and fish dishes. Italians cook stewed rabbit in a special way, always including sun-dried tomatoes, olives and capers in the recipe.
There are a lot of interesting salad recipes where you can add this useful and piquant product, striking the household with an unusual new taste.
Food lovers will say that they are irreplaceable. If you are not considered a connoisseur of caper dishes, then the most optimal substitute will be nasturtium seeds, although they are also most likely a rarity for Russian cuisine. Gherkins and green olives are similar in taste to capers.
But if one could replace one product with another completely, then there would be no our article.
In some recipes, capers can be replaced with cucumbers
For the first acquaintance with a new product, it is better to opt for the low-calorie and rich in protein, the most delicious, in our opinion, salad recipe with tuna and capers. To prepare it, you need the following set of products:
Salad is prepared by analogy with Caesar. At the bottom of the plate lay leaves of lettuce torn by hand, chopped cucumber and sprinkle with grated cheese, capers and slices of tuna. They season this healthy salad with olive oil mixed with lemon juice. Only after this they interfere, try the salad and add salt.
There are many other recipes with pickled capers, try to cook them and experience a touch of Mediterranean cuisine.
Despite the unpretentiousness of the culture and very uncomfortable conditions for the growth of caper in natural conditions, they are practically not common with us. Nevertheless, if you decide to plant such a plant in the country, then choose a place near the stone wall. This will provide some protection from the wind.
The caper has long roots, they can reach 15 m! Keep this in mind when planting, although the shrub itself grows a very long time.
The plant is not afraid of heat, + 40 ° C will not cause the caper to wither, but a temperature below zero can cause the Mediterranean guest to lime. Consequently, areas where caper cultivation is possible should be arid and located as far south as possible. The first years, the plant can feel great in the container, and winter in the apartment. However, as it grows, you have to plant a bush in the ground. The most sore point will be wintering.
If you desperately want to try to grow this southern culture, then it is worth considering how you will shelter and protect the bush in frosty winters.
If you decide and do not know where to buy capers, then we will answer: they are in almost all major grocery chain stores on canned food stalls. There is some choice: pickled capers in wine vinegar, canned, in salt, prepared canned dish.
The price range depends on factors such as bud size, manufacturer, marinade, and supplier. The spread in prices for a can is quite large: from 70 to 500 rubles.
It is always worth getting to know something new. Today you got information about capers, maybe you should try them and diversify your menu. We hope that your feedback will help other people decide whether to buy capers for food or try to grow them yourself.
Fresh caper buds
Capers are unblown buds of a prickly shrubbery caper plant.
The shrub itself is insanely beautiful - despite the fact that they live in rather harsh conditions, the flowering of the bushes is magnificent! From above they are covered with flowers, and they bloom all summer!
Caper refers to perennial shrubs, grows in the Caucasus and Crimea, wild species can be seen in Dagestan.
The kidneys have a tart taste with a rich aroma.
Caper is a thermophilic plant that belongs to the caper family.
More than three hundred species of plants exist at the moment: creepers, perennial grasses, shrubs, shrubs. Mostly grow in the wild in Central Asia, the Mediterranean, Crimea, India, in the Caucasus.
It is grown mainly in Italy, Spain, France.
The caper is used to create landscape designs, and also used as food. Caper buds are rich in vitamin C, vitamin P (routine).
In foreign folk medicine, capers are used as a means of lowering blood pressure, healing wounds, calming nerves.
Before eating, capers are salted with olive oil or marinated in wine vinegar.
They are used pickled or canned.
The capers prepared in this way have a dark green color and a tart, moderately sharp or bitter sour-salty taste.
The buds are harvested from the end of spring to September, several times during the summer by hand. After collecting the buds for 2 weeks, the plant is covered with new buds.
In one season, from one bush you can get up to 3.5 kg of buds.
How to grow a caper
Capers are unpretentious plants, but they are little grown at home. This is due to the fact that the bush reaches large sizes, for example, the root of an adult plant can reach fifteen meters.
At the same time, it grows slowly and can grow for a long time in a pot of small diameter. After you need to plant such a plant in the ground, and leave layering in its place.
They are used in cooking, medicine and as folk remedies for the treatment of diseases.
Capers can be grown in arid areas, they are photophilous. If you plant capers in one place without replanting, they will bear fruit for up to 15 years in a row.
Propagate the plant by layering, parts of the bush or seeds.
Sowing seeds should be done in a greenhouse or directly in the open ground.
Sowing is carried out in the spring, from March to May. The distance between plants should be at least 40-50 cm, and the row spacing of 70 cm.
A fast method of reproduction is considered the method using layering.
It requires open sunny areas and the absolute absence of groundwater.
Fertile soil is not so important for it, it can grow on heavy lands, in crevices of walls. The shrub has a strong rhizome, and can withstand even severe frosts. The plant is easily grown in one place for about 15 years, without requiring constant transplants.
Sowing seeds can begin in March or early April. For excellent growth, plant it in a greenhouse or on sandy soil, to a depth of about 30 cm. Aisles should be about half a meter - a meter, and the distance between plants should reach the same size.
No great seedling care required - only weeding and watering is enough.
The most important and, in principle, what will ensure the yield is to obtain seedlings. The main problem of capers is that they do not rise well and take root for a long time. Only after a couple of years you, at the place of planted plants, can you see attractive flowering shrubs!
The caper has beneficial properties. If you will boil the roots of a plant, then this decoction can be used for allergies, rheumatism, paralysis, torn branches - excellent antiseptics and agents that disperse bile.
Juice of flowers and flower buds themselves stimulate appetite. Small capers are also useful in that they are anti-inflammatory.
Those who are far from eastern or Mediterranean cuisine may not know what capers are and what they look like. However, today the mysterious product is freely sold in supermarkets and getting to know it better is not difficult.
In cooking, caper buds, which are consumed exclusively in salted or pickled form, are better known. They are sold in glass jars and have such a characteristic appearance that it is not possible to confuse them.
The creeping bush of caper thorny (Capparis spinosa) with beautiful, large pink and white flowers is grown not only to produce fruits, but also as an ornamental plant in demand in landscape design.
The homeland of this exotic representative of the subtropical flora is considered to be the Mediterranean., although it is also common in Asia, Crimea and the Caucasus. Almost all parts of the plant: roots, berries, buds, young shoots, flowers and seeds are used in folk medicine.
It is believed that the name of the shrub comes from the island of Cyprus. The caper is unpretentious - it easily withstands the scorching southern sun and is not “afraid” of rocky soil. At the same time, the plant blooms profusely throughout the summer and is considered a magnificent honey plant.
The benefits and gustatory qualities of capers were known as early as 3 millennium BC. e. This unique spice is mentioned in the Epic of Gilgamesh, which is attributed to the oldest literary monuments of our civilization.
Besides wild capers, there are varietal crops with improved nutritional properties. Industrial production of gourmet spices involved in North Africa, Spain, Italy and France. The most delicious buds come to us from the island of Thira in the Aegean Sea, where the soil is richly fertilized with volcanic ash.
Until today, the kidneys and fruits of capers are harvested by hand, in dry, clear weather. The buds are sorted by size using a sieve: specimens that do not reach a diameter of 1 cm, with a dense structure have the most delicate and delicate taste. And appreciated by foodies, respectively.
Berries are oblong pods with a reddish softness, their sweetness resemble a watermelon. They are eaten raw or made jam. But fruits are pickled very rarely, because their taste becomes too saturated and not everyone likes it.
For cooking, use, first of all, immature buds. They are called capers in culinary recipes.
Fresh buds have a pronounced bitter taste and are not suitable for food. Therefore, immediately after collection, they are wilted in the open air, and then at least 3 months are kept in saline with the addition of either vinegar or olive oil. Sometimes capers are placed in glass containers and simply sprinkled with salt. With this method of preservation, the product can be stored for several years.
The best variety of capers is “non pareil”, with a diameter of buds up to 7 mm. The largest specimens, called "grusas" reach 14 mm or more. They are slightly tart, with a bright spicy aroma, at the same time resembling gherkins, olives and mustard in a very complex, but pleasant combination.
In our stores, the Mediterranean delicacy is sold pickled only in vinegar, without the addition of oil. From this, the taste of the spice deteriorates, but the shelf life is significantly increased.
Situation can be improved by caper bay own marinadeprepared according to the recipe below.
Initially, various parts of the caper, including flower buds, were used as medicine.
Official medicine recognizes that the plant effectively fights oncological and cardiovascular diseases, normalizes the activity of the thyroid gland, eliminates inflammatory processes, including chronic ones, and reduces pain.
In addition to useful substances, buds in large quantities contain sodium, an excess of which can cause malfunctions of the heart, severe swelling and nervous disorders. To avoid negative consequences, pickled or salted capers are soaked in water and only then put into dishes.
Since the seasoning popular in the Mediterranean is not well-known with us, the hostesses are lost, not knowing what dishes and how to add it.
In this case, it is better to wait a bit with culinary experiments, but there are products that are guaranteed to combine with spicy capers. It:
When choosing dishes with capers for your menu, do not try to come up with something exotic. The most familiar soups, stews and salads will “sound” differently if you add a little of this product to them.
Note that fragrant buds are an indispensable component of classic olivier and hodgepodge. For example, here is a fish hodgepodge with capers:
Refined spice is not necessarily added in its entirety - it is often crushed or even ground to a mushy state. So seasoning will be able to evenly distribute among other ingredients and emphasize, but not interrupt, their natural taste.
Here are some characteristic interesting recipes.
This thick appetizing soup is appreciated by gourmets for its unusual, rich taste and ease of preparation. The secret of the hodgepodge is in a correctly selected combination of meat products, rich, concentrated broth and special “zest” giving their own unique flavor. Among these "secret" ingredients are capers.
So, write down the recipe.
for submission:
If you are planning to cook, study ours.
We are talking about vegetable stew, which is cooked in Sicily. It is served as a side dish for meat or an independent appetizer in hot or cold form. Like all Mediterranean dishes, caponata is very light, healthy and incredibly tasty.
Great dinner for those who follow the figure and want to eat right. The combination of tuna and baked pepper can be considered a classic, while the salad, like any dish where capers are added, has an exotic touch.
Watch the video on making spicy sauce with capers for serving:
The caper buds are exotic for us, not always available due to the high price or other reasons.
If you want to add piquancy to dishes, you can find “native” products that are similar in taste. For example, everything in the same Olivier capers have long been replaced by pickles.
In this case, it is more correct to take gherkins - cucumbers of small-fruited varieties, collected with slightly immature eyelids and pickled.
Olives are added to meat or fish dishes (their taste is more like capers than olives).
For salads, pickled nasturtium pods or pickles are often used - a spicy mixture of small vegetables.
About the beautiful "fiery" flowers that can be found in almost every front garden or in city flower beds, I want to mention especially.
Nasturtium is native to South America, where its buds and unripe fruits have been used for centuries as a seasoning. In our country, this is more of an ornamental plant than a spice intended for cooking.
Nevertheless, pickled fruits and buds of nasturtium taste and useful properties are not inferior to capers in any way, but will cost several times less. Will we cook?
World-renowned culinary experts advise at least once to try real caper buds, in which the healing properties are so surprisingly combined with a refined taste. This is in every sense a gourmet product worth adding to the family menu. Why not discover something new, especially if it is truly useful?