S, g. ouate f., German. Watte arab. 1. Wat or cotton wool. A kind of cotton paper, very soft and glossy. Uat is closed in pods, which open up in time, the seeds in these cotton are small, flat and dark gray. Sl. comm. 1792 7 112.2 ... Historical Dictionary of Russian Gallicisms

S; f. [it. Watte] 1. Fluffy fibrous material (usually cotton or wool) used in medicine, technology, and in everyday life. Hygroscopic c. Sterile c. Wadded coat (insulated, lined with wadding). Legs like cotton wool (weakened from illness, ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

This term has other meanings, see Vata (meanings). Raw materials for the production of cotton wool cotton wool boll (from German W ... Wikipedia

cotton wool- s; f. (German Watte) see also. cotton wool 1) Fluffy fibrous material (usually of cotton or wool) used in medicine, technology, in everyday life. Hygroscopic wa / ta. Sterile va / ta. Wadded coat (insulated, lined with wadding ... Dictionary of many expressions

OpenTTD ... Wikipedia

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Sedimentary rock, composed mainly of calcium carbonate - calcite. Due to its wide distribution, ease of processing and chemical properties, limestone is mined and used to a greater extent than other rocks, second only to ... ... Collier's Encyclopedia

Books

• Cotton candy, Blizzard Katya. The new book by Katya Metelitsa, author of the best-selling book "Diary of Louisa Lozhkina", continues the collection of essays that are so beloved by the readers of the books "The ABC of Life" and "Love", as well as her fans ...
• Cotton candy, Blizzard K. In the new book by Katya Metelitsa, author of the bestseller "Diary of Louisa Lozhkina", the collection of essays, so beloved by the readers of the books "ABC Life" and "Love", as well as her fans ...

Cotton candy is one of the most popular sweets in the world. In America it was nicknamed - "cotton candy", in England - "magic silk thread" (fair floss), in Germany - "sugar wool" (Zuckerwolle), In Italy - "sugar yarn" (zucchero filato), in France - "grandfather's beard" (barbe a papa).

Despite the legends that sweets like cotton candy were produced in ancient Rome, but were extremely expensive due to the complexity of production, no evidence of this has been found. but it is documented that the date of birth of cotton candy is 1893. It was in this year that William Morrison and John C. Wharton invented the cotton candy machine. As evidenced by US patent No. 618428, the filing date for which (12/23/1897) is considered the date of invention of the apparatus for cotton candy.

The production method and the installation itself are simple, almost to the point of genius. The molten sugar heated by a gas burner, located in a rotating container, was forced through a series of small holes or a mesh on the periphery of this container due to centrifugal force. Picked up by the air flow from the compressor, thin streams of molten sugar instantly crystallized in the form of thin threads, like cotton or wool, and were collected by the operator on a wooden or cardboard stick in the form of a ball. The rotation of the container with sugar and the air compressor was carried out using a foot drive, similar to the drives of sewing machines.

To acquaint the public with the new product, the inventors chose the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, otherwise known as the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair, in the materials of which it was recorded that Electric Candy The company earned $ 17,164 by selling 68,655 boxes of cotton candy (370 boxes for each day of the show) for 25 cents.

Called Fairy Floss by the inventors and packed in brightly colored wooden boxes, the new product was hugely popular, even though the price was high for that time. Suffice it to say that the entrance ticket to this fair, with access to all its attractions, cost 50 cents, and some department stores of the time advertised men's shirts for 25 cents.

Almost all sources claim that the cotton candy sold at the St. Louis World's Fair was made with electrical apparatus, and that Morrison and Wharton are the inventors of the electrical apparatus for its production. But in the patent No. 618428 there is no hint of the use of electricity, neither as heating, nor as a drive. The thing is that by 1904 the device had been significantly improved, including electric heating.

As is often the case, the tandem of cotton candy inventors, however, like their Electric Candy Company, did not last long. The reason for their rupture is unknown to me, but Morrison received the next US patent No. 816114 in March 1906 himself. The firm was divided, renamed, but existed. Here is an advertisement for the Electric Candy Floss Machine Company, Inc. from the middle of the 20th century.

More than a hundred years have passed since the invention of the apparatus for the production of cotton candy. Although the principle of making cotton candy has practically not changed, technology and technology have gone far ahead in comparison with the first devices. This is not surprising, since this type of business has gone very far from the fairgrounds, turning into a whole direction of the food industry. However, even now, somewhere with a massive gathering of people, you can see a cotton candy seller with his apparatus, surrounded by children and their parents. Someone thus starts their own business, someone recalls childhood, and someone simply enjoys life.

Cotton candy is one of the most popular sweets in the world. In America it was nicknamed - "cotton candy", in England - "magic silk thread" (fair floss), in Germany - "sugar wool" (Zuckerwolle), In Italy - "sugar yarn" (zucchero filato), in France - "grandfather's beard" (barbe a papa).

Despite the legends that sweets like cotton candy were produced in ancient Rome, but were extremely expensive due to the complexity of production, no evidence of this has been found. but it is documented that the date of birth of cotton candy is 1893. It was in this year that William Morrison and John C. Wharton invented the cotton candy machine. As evidenced by US patent No. 618428, the filing date for which (12/23/1897) is considered the date of invention of the apparatus for cotton candy.

The production method and the installation itself are simple, almost to the point of genius. The molten sugar heated by a gas burner, located in a rotating container, was forced through a series of small holes or a mesh on the periphery of this container due to centrifugal force. Picked up by the air flow from the compressor, thin streams of molten sugar instantly crystallized in the form of thin threads, like cotton or wool, and were collected by the operator on a wooden or cardboard stick in the form of a ball. The rotation of the container with sugar and the air compressor was carried out using a foot drive, similar to the drives of sewing machines.

To acquaint the public with the new product, the inventors chose the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, otherwise known as the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair, in the materials of which it was recorded that Electric Candy The company earned $ 17,164 by selling 68,655 boxes of cotton candy (370 boxes for each day of the show) for 25 cents.

Called Fairy Floss by the inventors and packed in brightly colored wooden boxes, the new product was hugely popular, even though the price was high for that time. Suffice it to say that the entrance ticket to this fair, with access to all its attractions, cost 50 cents, and some department stores of the time advertised men's shirts for 25 cents.

Almost all sources claim that the cotton candy sold at the St. Louis World's Fair was made with electrical apparatus, and that Morrison and Wharton are the inventors of the electrical apparatus for its production. But in the patent No. 618428 there is no hint of the use of electricity, neither as heating, nor as a drive. The thing is that by 1904 the device had been significantly improved, including electric heating.

As is often the case, the tandem of cotton candy inventors, however, like their Electric Candy Company, did not last long. The reason for their rupture is unknown to me, but Morrison received the next US patent No. 816114 in March 1906 himself. The firm was divided, renamed, but existed. Here is an advertisement for the Electric Candy Floss Machine Company, Inc. from the middle of the 20th century.

More than a hundred years have passed since the invention of the apparatus for the production of cotton candy. Although the principle of making cotton candy has practically not changed, technology and technology have gone far ahead in comparison with the first devices. This is not surprising, since this type of business has gone very far from the fairgrounds, turning into a whole direction of the food industry. However, even now, somewhere with a massive gathering of people, you can see a cotton candy seller with his apparatus, surrounded by children and their parents. Someone thus starts their own business, someone recalls childhood, and someone simply enjoys life.

Cotton candy is one of the most popular sweets in the world. In America it was nicknamed - "cotton candy", in England - "magic silk thread" (fair floss), in Germany - "sugar wool" (Zuckerwolle), In Italy - "sugar yarn" (zucchero filato), in France - "grandfather's beard" (barbe a papa).

Despite the legends that sweets like cotton candy were produced in ancient Rome, but were extremely expensive due to the complexity of production, no evidence of this has been found. but it is documented that the date of birth of cotton candy is 1893. It was in this year that William Morrison and John C. Wharton invented the cotton candy machine. As evidenced by US patent No. 618428, the filing date for which (12/23/1897) is considered the date of invention of the apparatus for cotton candy.

The production method and the installation itself are simple, almost to the point of genius. The molten sugar heated by a gas burner, located in a rotating container, was forced through a series of small holes or a mesh on the periphery of this container due to centrifugal force. Picked up by the air flow from the compressor, thin streams of molten sugar instantly crystallized in the form of thin threads, like cotton or wool, and were collected by the operator on a wooden or cardboard stick in the form of a ball. The rotation of the container with sugar and the air compressor was carried out using a foot drive, similar to the drives of sewing machines.

To acquaint the public with the new product, the inventors chose the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, otherwise known as the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair, in the materials of which it was recorded that Electric Candy The company earned $ 17,164 by selling 68,655 boxes of cotton candy (370 boxes for each day of the show) for 25 cents.

Called Fairy Floss by the inventors and packed in brightly colored wooden boxes, the new product was hugely popular, even though the price was high for that time. Suffice it to say that the entrance ticket to this fair, with access to all its attractions, cost 50 cents, and some department stores of the time advertised men's shirts for 25 cents.

Almost all sources claim that the cotton candy sold at the St. Louis World's Fair was made with electrical apparatus, and that Morrison and Wharton are the inventors of the electrical apparatus for its production. But in the patent No. 618428 there is no hint of the use of electricity, neither as heating, nor as a drive. The thing is that by 1904 the device had been significantly improved, including electric heating.

As is often the case, the tandem of cotton candy inventors, however, like their Electric Candy Company, did not last long. The reason for their rupture is unknown to me, but Morrison received the next US patent No. 816114 in March 1906 himself. The firm was divided, renamed, but existed. Here is an advertisement for the Electric Candy Floss Machine Company, Inc. from the middle of the 20th century.

More than a hundred years have passed since the invention of the apparatus for the production of cotton candy. Although the principle of making cotton candy has practically not changed, technology and technology have gone far ahead in comparison with the first devices. This is not surprising, since this type of business has gone very far from the fairgrounds, turning into a whole direction of the food industry. However, even now, somewhere with a massive gathering of people, you can see a cotton candy seller with his apparatus, surrounded by children and their parents. Someone thus starts their own business, someone recalls childhood, and someone simply enjoys life.

Cotton candy is one of the favorite treats of children and adults at any holiday, fair or amusement park. But many do not know the history of the emergence of this sweet and airy product.

The history of the emergence of cotton candy goes back to the distant 15th century. There are stories (legends) that the ancient Romans had people who knew how to make such sweets. If there is even a grain of truth in this story, then it makes cotton candy one of the many arts (technologies) lost during the Middle Ages. This art appeared again (or for the first time) in the middle of the 18th century. But the manufacturing process was manual, extremely laborious, as a result of which cotton wool was expensive and therefore inaccessible to the common man. There are similar pastries in the East such as the Persian Pashmak and the Turkish Pişmaniye, although the latter is made with flour in addition to sugar.

In 1897, William James Morrison, former president of the Tennessee Dental Association, created a machine capable of producing fluffy strands of crystal sugar (this degree dentist also wrote several children's books and invented a cottonseed oil substitute for fat). But Morrison didn’t pull this sweet treat out of thin air - the predecessor of cotton candy was popular in 15th century Italy. To create this delicacy, caramelized crystals can be whipped with a fork or whisk. The result is thin sticks, candies, sculptural figures that were used to decorate the table or even became part of the interior. During the time of Henry III France, there was one banquet in Venice where pieces of furniture and paintings were created from molded sugar. In an era of decadence, when high sugar prices plummeted, sweet treats became more common. And in the late 1800s, several cookbooks even contained instructions on how to turn regular sugar into a special treat. As explained in a treatise on the art of boiling sugar, published in London in 1884, “Swirling sugar can also be cooked in vases, pots, etc., you can cook individual pieces and then glue them together with a little sugar used in the process. ". It was the most difficult and most interesting element of the art of confectionery.

Then there were machines that made untidy lumps of puff sugar. The devices, patented in 1897 by Morrison and John Wharton, were rotating plates that were propelled by feet and heated by charcoal or an oil lamp. Using centrifugal force, the machine expelled crystalline sugar from the hot plate through a series of small holes to form "string sugar or silk threads." The patent application stated that the object of the invention is to provide a food product consisting of molten sugar strands or candies. Very soon, the inventors put their business on stream and, despite the high price at that time, their products had an overwhelming success, which they still enjoy. By the way, the process of making cotton candy has remained practically unchanged to this day.
In various countries, cotton candy is called in its own way: for example, in America - "cotton candy", In Italy - "sugar yarn" (zucchero filato), in Germany - "sugar wool" (Zuckerwolle), in England - "Magic silk thread" (fair floss), in France - "grandfather's beard" (barbe a papa).

The French loved this delicious delicacy so much that they even made an unusual vodka with cotton candy flavor called Cotton Candy Liqueur.