Vodka is one of the most popular alcoholic drinks, but to this day there is a huge amount of debate about what the “proper” strength of vodka should be in order to provide the most acceptable taste and minimize the harmful effects of the drink on the body. But no matter how many degrees, it still has a destructive effect on the body.

In the article:

Vodka Fortress

Speaking with dry GOST definitions, vodka is an alcoholic beverage made from rectified alcohol and prepared water, as the main components and several additional ingredients that determine taste. Strength depends on a certain ratio of the main components of the drink. Given that rectified alcohol cannot be stronger than 96 degrees, the strength of the vodka obtained from it is necessarily lower than this value, and its quantitative expression depends on the percentage of water and other components in the resulting drink, ready for consumption. A prerequisite for the preparation of vodka is the processing of the resulting water-alcohol solution with special adsorbents that reduce the amount of harmful impurities.

According to GOST R 51355-99, the strength of vodka can be 40-45, 50 and 56% with or without flavoring additives.

GOST R 51355-99

Domestic and foreign manufacturers have several designations of vodka strength, expressed in various units:

• Degrees, where the basis is the number of parts by weight of alcohol in the finished drink.
• Percent, when the volumetric content of ingredients is selected to determine the strength and at the same time the specification “vol.” (The same “revolutions”) is necessarily introduced, indicating that it is the volumetric parts of alcohol and water that are taken into account.

The domestic designation of the strength of alcoholic beverages in degrees is recognized as the most accurate, taking into account the specific gravity of not only alcohol and water, but also all the components of the finished drink. Taking into account that the specific gravity of 1 liter of finished vodka with a strength of 40 ° is 953 grams, it can be established by simple calculations that such a drink contains 572 grams of water and 381 grams of ethanol.

If the fortress is determined in volume units, that the same amount of vodka will contain only 318 g of alcohol and 635 g of water already, i.e. the real strength of such vodka will be, given the contraction of alcohol only 35 °. The strength of a real drink can be even lower, since the degree of purification of alcohols is not taken into account when determining the volume part.

Why vodka is 40 degrees

There are many opinions based on reliable facts and multiple legends why vodka should have a fortress of exactly 40 degrees.

One should not believe the widespread belief that such a composition was invented by the great Russian scientist D.I. Mendeleev. Long before his birth, the strength of alcoholic beverages in Russia was checked using the simplest annealing, when the alcohol contained in the solution was simply burned out from the total volume of liquid. If exactly half of the initial volume of the test drink remained, then it was called a half-wine and had a strength of about 38 degrees. Subsequently, the bureaucratic apparatus to simplify tax calculations rounded this figure to 40 °.

Very many “connoisseurs” of strong alcohol claim that the most pleasant taste sensations arise when drinking drinks with a strength of 45 degrees and that is why so many varieties of tequila, whiskey or cognac have such a strength. But it is worth noting that these are, in principle, other drinks made not by mixing rectified alcohol and water, but by distilling mash in a distillation cube, similar to the well-known moonshine. The taste and aroma of drinks of this kind depends on the type of feedstock, the degree of purification and the presence of flavoring additives.

D.I. Mendeleev, in his dissertation on the properties of water-alcohol solutions, found that when alcohol and water are mixed in various proportions, a chemical reaction occurs in which the total volume of the resulting liquid will be less than the initial volume of the mixed ingredients. The scientist found out that when mixing 1000 g of water and 850 g of alcohol, the same 40-degree vodka is obtained with a minimum decrease in the total volume of the obtained liquid.

This ratio of alcohol and water in vodka is accepted because of the smallest burning effect on the mucous membranes of the digestive tract and the acceptable effect of a water-alcohol solution on the human cardiovascular and nervous system.

Is it only 40 degrees?

The fact that there are many varieties of alcohol distillates with a strength above 40 o does not raise the slightest doubt, but does vodka exist, with indicators of fortress different from this “magic” figure.

Several wounds have already been mentioned that vodka can be called alcoholic beverages with a strength of 40-45, 50 and 56 degrees, which is confirmed by the presence of a certain range of vodkas with indicators of strength other than 40 about.

Fortress 45 °

Some of the elite varieties produced by domestic enterprises have a fortress of 45 degrees. Most vodkas are under the Sibirskaya brand, some, especially export versions of Stolichnaya, Kizlyarska Aged, and many other products of distilleries. 45-degree premium vodkas are made from luxury alcohols and contain additional softening or flavoring additives.

Vodka "Siberian"

Particular attention in the process of their manufacture is given to the additional preparation of water extracted from special sources (read about). And while in the manufacture of imported alcoholic beverages, in most cases, boiled or practically distilled water is used, then Russian vodkas are characterized by the use of especially soft natural water, which has a unique taste.

Fortress 50 °

Vodka Absolute

After the removal of the monopoly on the production of alcoholic beverages, private producers began to receive separate varieties of fifty-degree vodka made from high-quality alcohol and specially prepared soft water. Often, in the manufacture of vodka with a strength of 50 о, special flavoring additives were used that reduce the negative effect on organoleptic indicators of high alcohol content.

Their foreign colleagues did not lag behind domestic manufacturers. Ukrainian vodka “Strong Nemirov”, Swedish “Absolute” and “Finland” from the country of Suomi occupy a worthy place on the holiday tables. Despite the increased strength, the use of these drinks in small quantities does not cause discomfort.

Fortress 60 ° and 70 °

Koskenkorva Vodka 60%

If you strictly follow the standards, then by definition there is no vodka stronger than 56 degrees. There are similar drinks - gin, whiskey, liqueurs, rum, but the technology of their production is more similar to the production of moonshine well known to everyone, the strength of which after double - triple distillation can also reach 70 degrees.

Rasputin Vodka 70%

Absinthe also belongs to record holders among strong alcoholic drinks in the world, where alcohol sometimes accounts for 75-85%. In its pure form, it is used by rare gourmets, most often various cocktails are made on the basis of absinthe.

The strongest vodka in the world

From ancient times, Scotland is considered the birthplace of the strongest alcoholic beverages. Beer is never found anywhere else with a strength of 41 degrees (more about) and the strongest strong whiskey, which is almost pure, about 92%, alcohol aged in special oak barrels.

Pincer Shanghai Strength 88.8

Scottish Pincer Shanghai Strengthmade from grain alcohol, which has undergone multi-stage purification and flavored with thistle extract, has a strength of 88.8 about. The number 88.8 is not accidental. The product is intended primarily for the Chinese market, and the number 8 is considered lucky in China. Despite its strength, the drink has a unique mild taste and is pleasantly drunk thanks to a precisely selected recipe.

The softest vodka

From the whole variety of manufacturers and products it is very difficult to single out the softest. Sometimes the products of famous brands are worse than the unknown product of a small distillery.

Softness is mainly determined by the quality and degree of purification of alcohol. A special role is played by the quality of activated carbon in the treatment column. The better and “younger” the coal, the softer the taste passing through it during the production process.

How many degrees are standard

Vodka of industrial production can have a fortress according to domestic GOST from 40 to 56 degrees, and according to foreign requirements - not less than 37.5 degrees.   Everything else, if it relates to alcoholic beverages, but has no right to be called vodka.

The optimal ratio of alcohol to water is considered to be 1 to 1,176 mass units. At about this ratio, the density of the finished solution is about 950 kg / m 3. And although the density is not indicated on the label, this indicator directly affects the speed of intoxication and the magnitude of the subsequent hangover.

Regardless of how many degrees there will be in a drink, it is always necessary to remember that any alcohol in large quantities will bring irreparable harm to health and vodka, even the highest quality, is no exception to this rule.

La organized vodka trade. In capitals and major cities, it was conducted from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. In the village, it ended before 20 hours. During the Duma elections, village and rural municipality gatherings, and other public events, vodka trade was strictly prohibited. All moonshiners were subject to criminal penalties. Vodka monopoly significantly strengthened the state budget. For comparison: for four years, 185 million rubles were received from the sale of vodka, and only 160 million rubles from the operation of railways. From 1891 to 1910, vodka consumption per capita increased from 4.3 liters to 6.09 liters. in year. It was believed that alcohol is good for the body, and you need to fight only against alcoholism, encouraging the consumption of alcohol. How much does a liter of pure vodka weigh? Distilled water weighs almost 1000 grams (998.2 more precisely). For all calculations with alcohol, alcoholometric tables are used. Here is a link to such a table. Vodka contains 40% alcohol (by volume). According to the table from the above link, the density of the solution with a volumetric alcohol content of 40.04% (all determined at 20 ° C) is 0.9480 kg / l, the alcohol content in mass percent is 33.33%, the mass of alcohol contained in 1 l is 316.0 g, and water accounts for 948-316 \u003d 632 g.
Achit 1 liter of vodka (measured at 20C) weighs 948 g. Among the proposed there is not a single correct answer. True, the question does not indicate at what temperature this liter of vodka is measured. Perhaps not at 20C, but at a lower temperature. Then, the answer of 953 g may come up at some temperature in the interval (-28 ... + 20) C. Note: -28С - freezing temperature of 40 degree vodka. The correct answer is 953 grams. Although, it would seem, a liter of pure vodka contains 600 ml of water (density 1 g / ml) and 400 ml of ethyl alcohol (density 0.791 g / ml). It is easy to calculate the total weight of the mixture in grams: 600x1 + 400x0.791 \u003d 916 g. However, when water and alcohol are mixed, hydrate complexes are formed, due to which the volume turns out to be slightly smaller, and heat is generated when the alcohol is diluted with water. Thus, by mixing 600 ml of water and 400 ml of alcohol, you will not get a liter of vodka, as you might suggest, but about 960 ml. Generally, no. Until the appearance of alcohol meters in Russia, the strength of a water-alcohol mixture was measured by so-called annealing. If exactly half burned out from the set fire of wine, then such wine was called “half-wine”. Half a fort, the fortress of which is 38.3%, and served as the basic normative unit of the vodka fortress. Subsequently, when the fortress began to be measured with alcohol meters, the Minister of Finance of the Russian Empire M.H. Reitern proposed to round this number to 40. There were two reasons: the convenience of calculating the volume of wine produced and a kind of reserve "for shrinkage and leakage" so that the consumer in any the case was guaranteed to get the usual 38 "half-degree" degrees. The proposal was accepted, and since 1866 40 volume percent (degrees) have become the norm.
  Sew an original female do-it-yourself vest for full

laxumeconoqi.cf

08/02/2007 Not asked .. In the section Food, Cooking to the question How much does 1 liter of vodka weigh? the best answer given by Lady author it turned out that the ideal alcohol content in vodka should be recognized as 40 °, which cannot be obtained accurately when mixed in volumes, but only when mixed in exact weight ratios. The greatest compression of the mixture occurs upon mutual dissolution in a weight ratio of 45.88% anhydrous alcohol with 54.12% water. This means that if there are three water molecules for each alcohol molecule, then the volume of the mixture becomes minimal, therefore, the specific gravity reaches a maximum. So, a liter of vodka at 40 ° should weigh exactly 953 grams. With a weight of 951 grams, the fortress will already be 41 °, and with a weight of 954 - 39 °. In both of these cases, the physiological effect of such a mixture on the body sharply worsens, and, strictly speaking, both vodkas cannot be called Moscow vodka, the brand of which, “Moscow Special”, was patented by the Russian government in 1894. In 1906-1913, vodka the monopoly was carried out in full and led to some positive results in reducing at least the external manifestations of drunkenness.
  La organized vodka trade. In capitals and major cities, it was conducted from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. In the village, it ended before 20 hours. During the Duma elections, village and rural municipality gatherings, and other public events, vodka trade was strictly prohibited. All moonshiners were subject to criminal penalties. Vodka monopoly significantly strengthened the state budget. For comparison: for four years, 185 million rubles were received from the sale of vodka, and only 160 million rubles from the operation of railways. From 1891 to 1910, vodka consumption per capita increased from 4.3 liters to 6.09 liters. in year. It was believed that alcohol is good for the body, and you need to fight only against alcoholism, encouraging the consumption of alcohol. The alcohol calculator is designed to independently determine the concentration of alcohol in the blood, based on the quantity and quality of alcoholic drinks drunk. The reasons people drink alcohol can be completely different. Someone uses intoxicating drinks to relax, someone in order to gain courage, and someone in order to forget and get away from problems. In all cases, do not forget that excessive alcohol consumption adversely affects human health and can lead to irreversible consequences.
Our calculator can be useful in different cases: If you plan to drive after a feast; You want to calculate the maximum allowable dose of alcohol for yourself; You want to know how long after drinking alcohol you can safely drive a car, etc. Knowing what specific concentration of ethanol (pure alcohol) you have in your blood at a given time, you can make decisions regarding trips as a driver of a vehicle and calculate the time interval before the onset of sobriety. Drunk Driving Act Statistics show that about a third of all road traffic crashes occur due to drunk drivers. Not surprisingly, the country has a law prohibiting the management of vehicles while intoxicated. Until 2010, there were restrictions on the permissible level of ethanol in the blood and exhaled air. So, in the blood, the maximum possible level of alcohol was 0.3 ppm, and in exhaled air - 0.15 mg / l. Thus, one could fearlessly drive, for example, after a bottle of weak beer. Starting from August 6, 2010, the requirements were tightened. Now the concentration of alcohol in the blood and exhaled air should be zero. If the driver, while intoxicated, still dares to drive a car, he will be deprived of a driver’s license for a period of one and a half to two years (under the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, article 12.8).
the same punishment is provided in the event that the driver transfers control of the car to a person who is intoxicated. It is important to understand that the driver is now recognized as drunk only according to the testimony of a special device - a breathalyzer. A breathalyzer is a special technical device that serves to determine the concentration of ethanol in exhaled air. Foods and drinks that increase the number of ppm Even if the driver does not drink alcohol at all, he still should not lose his vigilance, because a certain amount of ppm is in different other products. For example, in yeast kvass contains from 0.1 to 0.6 ppm, and in kefir and Ayran 0.2 ppm. A small amount of ethanol is also released in many fruits: oranges, bananas. Among the ingredients, alcohol can be found in chocolate, cakes, pastries. Also, alcohol-containing drugs can affect the testimony of the breathalyzer. Among such medicines are motherwort, corvalol, valerian, calendula, etc. How long does alcohol work? Unfortunately, universal indicators of the time content of a particular portion of alcohol in the blood simply do not exist. Each person is unique, the rate of absorption of alcohol is different for everyone. We list some factors that affect the speed of this process: Height, weight of a person. The higher these indicators, the greater the portion a person needs for intoxication; Floor. In most cases, women get drunk faster than men; Genetic predisposition.
The addiction to alcohol is inherited; The general condition of the body. For example, a dose of alcohol drunk on an empty stomach will intoxicate faster and, accordingly, will remain longer in the blood. Since even in one person the toxic effect of alcohol can take different times, you should not treat the readings of the calculator literally. Nevertheless, the average alcohol concentration in the human body can be calculated. It is known that different drinks intoxicate in different ways. For example, the concentration of alcohol in the body of a man weighing 80 kg will be 0.3 ppm (this is the term used to denote the unit of measure for alcohol) if drunk: 50 grams of vodka; Or 200 grams of dry wine; Or 500 grams of beer. The maximum concentration of alcohol in the human body lasts from 30 minutes to several hours after consumption, then gradually disappears. In order for you to be able to independently calculate the amount of alcohol in the blood, you need to enter data on your field, weight in the form fields, indicate whether you have consumed drinks on an empty stomach or not, and also note all types of drinks you drink and indicate their portion. + add a drink In the blood of alcohol: 0 ‰ Can I drive a little Alcohol influence With a ppm everything is in order and can I drive? Then you may need a tire calculator visual. Related sections: Customs clearance calculator Height and weight calculator How much does a liter of pure vodka weigh? Distilled water weighs almost 1000 grams (998.2 more precisely). For all calculations with alcohol, alcoholometric tables are used.
t link to such a table. Vodka contains 40% alcohol (by volume). According to the table from the above link, the density of the solution with a volumetric alcohol content of 40.04% (all determined at 20 ° C) is 0.9480 kg / l, the alcohol content in mass percent is 33.33%, the mass of alcohol contained in 1 l is 316.0 g, and water accounts for 948-316 \u003d 632 g. So 1 liter of vodka (measured at 20 ° C) weighs 948 g. Among the proposed there is not a single right answer. True, the question does not indicate at what temperature this liter of vodka is measured. Perhaps not at 20C, but at a lower temperature. Then, the answer of 953 g may come up at some temperature in the interval (-28 ... + 20) C. Note: -28С - freezing temperature of 40 degree vodka. The correct answer is 953 grams. Although, it would seem, a liter of pure vodka contains 600 ml of water (density 1 g / ml) and 400 ml of ethyl alcohol (density 0.791 g / ml). It is easy to calculate the total mass of the mixture in grams: 600x1 + 400x0.791 \u003d 916 g. However, when water and alcohol are mixed, hydrate complexes are formed, due to which the volume turns out to be slightly smaller, and heat is generated when the alcohol is diluted with water. Thus, by mixing 600 ml of water and 400 ml of alcohol, you will not get a liter of vodka, as you might suggest, but about 960 ml.
  Who won the kiddy show friday 1

wedawokukelemaxut.cf

Features of the alcoholic drink

The word “vodka” first appeared in jargon in 1533, and since that time it has not changed its content, meaning. Today in the Russian Federation 55% of the total population are regular buyers of this strong drink. The greater the fortress, the better; moreover, only the Slavic nation does not dilute this alcoholic product before use. Representatives of other nationalities drink cocktails with the addition of alcohol, but in no case do they consume it in a concentrated form.

Since today “bitter” is not only an alcoholic drink on occasion, but also a “swill” for every day, the Russian Federation has created a number of requirements for its quality in order to avoid large-scale alcohol intoxication of the population. It is not known how much a person can drink, but the consequences for his health may be the most irreversible when using a low-grade product of dubious production.

In more detail, what is the strength of an alcoholic beverage, it all depends on the chemical composition of this alcoholic beverage. On average, alcohol contains 40-56%, the rest is water, followed by filtration. To make the taste pleasant and soft, a small amount of citric acid, honey, glucose, milk powder and fruits, depending on the selected recipe, are needed. From such factors, the concentration of alcohol decreases markedly, but the high quality of vodka, while observing the technology, does not decrease at all.

The optimal strength is 40 degrees. It is in such proportions that this alcoholic beverage is sold. This is an ideal indicator that does not burn the mucous membrane of the stomach, eliminates alcohol intoxication of the body. But the clinical outcome, in any case, depends entirely on how many people drink - a liter or more in one meal.

The density of a hard drink depends on the quality of the alcohol that is used for its direct manufacture. Ethyl alcohol of the first grade has a strength of 96%, with higher purification the indicator reaches 96.2%, and for luxury 96.3%. Separately, there is medical alcohol, rarely added to alcoholic beverages.

Main settings

Determining the standard, what should be the strength in an alcoholic drink, is very problematic. It all depends on the quality of the alcoholic beverage and belonging to the following classification: Extra, Super, Alpha, Lux. However, there is a minimum requirement - the strength of the selected drink should not be lower than 37.5 degrees, otherwise it is already difficult to call such a swill vodka.

Vodka has a different weight, which depends on the composition and name of the alcoholic beverage. Below is a conditional classification, what is the mass of a particular alcohol product, what is its density:

• "Bombay Sapphire", 700 ml - a transparent drink, the concentration of which is 940 kg / m3;
• "GreyGoose", 500 ml - transparent alcohol concentration of 940 kg / m3;
• "Gin", 40-43 degrees - a transparent liquid concentration of 943 kg / m3;
• “Finland” - a transparent liquid, the concentration of which is 951 kg / m3;
• “Rice vodka” - the fortress barely reaches 25%, the concentration is low.

For some, such indicators have absolutely no value, but for true gourmets this is the determining criterion for assessing quality. Depending on the given indicators, there is a degree of intoxication, especially the hangover syndrome in the morning. One kind can be drunk and a liter imperceptibly for your health, and a liter of a different grade can be a lethal dose for an alcoholic.

According to estimates, 1 liter of vodka weighs 953 grams, and the strength indicator varies between 40-56 degrees. This weight is reduced depending on the container where the alcoholic beverage is bottled. For example, the mass of half a liter of alcohol is already 476.5 grams. The indicated weight does not affect the strength of the finished drink, which is traditionally 40-56 degrees.

The norm for ethyl alcohol is the strength indicator - 40 volume percent, and this standard has become generally accepted since 1866. Lowered degrees no longer characterize vodka as a pure product, but it is rather about alcoholic cocktails and drinks, their various varieties. Each drink weighs in its own way, but container manufacturers are used to pouring liquid into standard containers, whose weight is 500 ml, 700 ml, 1 liter.

Method of preparation and features of its composition

An alcoholic drink contains more than half of ethyl alcohol, and activated carbon for cleaning and pre-filtered water are added. It is believed that 100 ml of a water-alcohol solution contains 20 volume degrees, which is quite enough to prepare a high-quality alcoholic beverage.

To date, various methods of distillation of alcohol are known, for example, black silicon, silver ions, and laser radiation are involved. Such latest technologies only increase, but not the degree, but the consumer abilities of the finished product. If you prepare the drink correctly, even a liter of vodka will be drunk easily without a morning hangover syndrome, and it does not matter how many degrees the alcohol strength.

Outwardly, “bitter” is a transparent liquid that does not have a dark precipitate, eliminates the addition of impurities and dubious flavorings. Outwardly determining the quality of an alcoholic beverage is very problematic, so you need to carefully read the labeling on the label. So the following components of the chemical-physical composition are normalized:

• ethyl alcohol fraction;
• the presence of aldehydes and fusel vapors;
• alkalinity;
• concentration of esters.

Before putting vodka on sale, it is necessary to obtain a quality certificate, which in modern society is quite a troublesome task. In accordance with the chemical composition and design, vodka is bottled in glass containers of 350 ml, 500 ml, 700 ml, 1 liter. The weight of the finished drink can be calculated from the standard ratio: 1 liter \u003d 953 grams. From here, using elementary mathematical calculations, we can conclude how much the purchase weighs, and how much ethyl alcohol enters the stomach during the next feast.

Fake Detection Rules

Since it is very difficult to prepare alcoholic beverages that clearly meet generally accepted standards, many craftsmen are actively selling illegally strong low-quality alcoholic beverages. It is one thing if the buyer deliberately takes such a risk, and quite another when swipes pass off as an elite drink at high prices. In order not to lose, it is important to know not only the weight of the purchased fluid, but also other, equally important quality indicators.

The main quality assessment criteria are as follows:

1. Appearance. When buying strong alcoholic drinks, it is important to pay attention not only to its weight, but also to its appearance, which will also tell the buyer a lot. The liquid must be transparent, the presence of a cloudy color and sediment in a quality drink is impossible. Therefore, in the presence of such characteristics, it is urgently necessary to return the purchase in a sealed form and not doubt its low grade.
2. Smell. If externally the liquid does not cause additional questions, it is allowed to open the bottle. It is very important to pour the first glass and conduct a small experiment. You just need to smell the liquid. The presence of the smell of methylated spirits eloquently testifies to the quality of the product, while the aroma of acetone raises alarming thoughts about buying dubious alcohol products.
3. The weight. The amount of alcoholic liquid should fully correspond to the capacity of the glass containers. The difference, as a rule, is visible to the naked eye, so if there is such a defect, you can not even open the bottle, but carry it back to the store and demand protection of consumer rights. It is possible that alcohol was poured "underground", and drinking it is dangerous for health and one's own life. Also, the liquid can be weighed, but for this it is necessary to know what the tare weight is, since it is it that must be taken away from the values \u200b\u200bobtained on the scales.
4. Cold check. Not only experienced alcoholics know about this verification method, this useful information is also available to an ordinary person. If an unopened bottle is placed in the refrigerator and allowed to freeze, then singed alcohol is distinguished by the appearance of crystals in the liquid. This indicates the presence of doubtful impurities and a large amount of water. A quality and certified product does not freeze, and the alcohol liquid only cools.
5. Burning A high-quality alcoholic drink always burns; a low-quality alcoholic beverage may not even be set on fire. It is in this way that strong alcoholic drinks are checked in bars and restaurants, so why not make a similar experiment in a comfortable home environment. If the liquid flared up like gasoline, then this indicates that its chemical composition contains a large amount of impurities, flammable substances, dangerous to the health of the drinking person.

Anyway, it is recommended that alcoholic beverages be purchased only in certified stores that have the right to sell alcohol. As a rule, in such establishments there is a clear quality control, verification of products from different suppliers, a guarantee for the product being sold. Such products cost a little more, but the buyer buys a clear confidence in their health the next morning after a mass walk. Otherwise, you may end up in a hospital bed or not wake up at all, having died in a dream from alcohol intoxication. So it’s better to overpay for quality, especially since the low price should already alert. It is important to remember what the process of making alcoholic beverages is, and not to knowingly lower its cost to calm your soul before buying.

It is always important to remember that any alcoholic drink, even of the highest quality, is uniquely harmful to health, especially when used regularly. A person must know the measure, otherwise you can die from an elite alcoholic drink.

As practice shows, as you get used to ethyl alcohol, the degree of strength increases markedly, and the quality of the drink itself is rapidly declining. Even medical alcohol diluted with unfiltered water is used. It is advisable to avoid such dubious experiments, especially since their own health and the health of indifferent people may suffer.

It only remains to add that each inhabitant can determine the weight, strength and density of alcohol, just pick up a bottle and carefully examine the contents of the label. This important information will help to avoid problems in the future, allows you to abuse exclusively high-quality alcoholic beverages. In general, it’s better not to drink at all - the body will be healthier.

Vodka is an original Russian drink that has already destroyed not a single generation of brilliant minds. Ethyl alcohol predominates in its chemical composition, which gradually destroys internal organs and the nervous system. But this does not prevent the alcoholic beverage from enjoying enormous popularity among the masses, staying for several centuries at the peak of its popularity.

Read also

Read also

Immediately it is worth noting that Russian vodka is not the strongest alcoholic drink, Scotch whiskey with a strength of 88.8 percent is ahead of its density. But this does not underestimate the position of ethyl alcohol, which is especially common and in demand on the domestic market.

Features of the alcoholic drink

The word “vodka” first appeared in jargon in 1533, and since that time it has not changed its content, meaning. Today in the Russian Federation 55% of the total population are regular buyers of this strong drink. The greater the fortress, the better; moreover, only the Slavic nation does not dilute this alcoholic product before use. Representatives of other nationalities drink cocktails with the addition of alcohol, but in no case do they consume it in a concentrated form.

Since today “bitter” is not only an alcoholic drink on occasion, but also a “swill” for every day, the Russian Federation has created a number of requirements for its quality in order to avoid large-scale alcohol intoxication of the population. It is not known how much a person can drink, but the consequences for his health may be the most irreversible when using a low-grade product of dubious production.

In more detail, what is the strength of an alcoholic beverage, it all depends on the chemical composition of this alcoholic beverage. On average, alcohol contains 40-56%, the rest is water, followed by filtration. To make the taste pleasant and soft, a small amount of citric acid, honey, glucose, milk powder and fruits, depending on the selected recipe, are needed. From such factors, the concentration of alcohol decreases markedly, but the high quality of vodka, while observing the technology, does not decrease at all.

The optimal strength is 40 degrees. It is in such proportions that this alcoholic beverage is sold. This is an ideal indicator that does not burn the mucous membrane of the stomach, eliminates alcohol intoxication of the body. But the clinical outcome, in any case, depends entirely on how many people drink - a liter or more in one meal.

The density of a hard drink depends on the quality of the alcohol that is used for its direct manufacture. Ethyl alcohol of the first grade has a strength of 96%, with higher purification the indicator reaches 96.2%, and for luxury 96.3%. Separately, there is medical alcohol, rarely added to alcoholic beverages.

Main settings

Determining the standard, what should be the strength in an alcoholic drink, is very problematic. It all depends on the quality of the alcoholic beverage and belonging to the following classification: Extra, Super, Alpha, Lux. However, there is a minimum requirement - the strength of the selected drink should not be lower than 37.5 degrees, otherwise it is already difficult to call such a swill vodka.

Vodka has a different weight, which depends on the composition and name of the alcoholic beverage. Below is a conditional classification, what is the mass of a particular alcohol product, what is its density:

• "Bombay Sapphire", 700 ml - a transparent drink, the concentration of which is 940 kg / m3;
• "GreyGoose", 500 ml - transparent alcohol concentration of 940 kg / m3;
• "Gin", 40-43 degrees - a transparent liquid concentration of 943 kg / m3;
• “Finland” - a transparent liquid, the concentration of which is 951 kg / m3;
• “Rice vodka” - the fortress barely reaches 25%, the concentration is low.

For some, such indicators have absolutely no value, but for true gourmets this is the determining criterion for assessing quality. Depending on the given indicators, there is a degree of intoxication, especially the hangover syndrome in the morning. One kind can be drunk and a liter imperceptibly for your health, and a liter of a different grade can be a lethal dose for an alcoholic.

According to estimates, 1 liter of vodka weighs 953 grams, and the strength indicator varies between 40-56 degrees. This weight is reduced depending on the container where the alcoholic beverage is bottled. For example, the mass of half a liter of alcohol is already 476.5 grams. The indicated weight does not affect the strength of the finished drink, which is traditionally 40-56 degrees.

The norm for ethyl alcohol is the strength indicator - 40 volume percent, and this standard has become generally accepted since 1866. Lowered degrees no longer characterize vodka as a pure product, but it is rather about alcoholic cocktails and drinks, their various varieties. Each drink weighs in its own way, but container manufacturers are used to pouring liquid into standard containers, whose weight is 500 ml, 700 ml, 1 liter.

Method of preparation and features of its composition

An alcoholic drink contains more than half of ethyl alcohol, and activated carbon for cleaning and pre-filtered water are added. It is believed that 100 ml of a water-alcohol solution contains 20 volume degrees, which is quite enough to prepare a high-quality alcoholic beverage.

To date, various methods of distillation of alcohol are known, for example, black silicon, silver ions, and laser radiation are involved. Such latest technologies only increase, but not the degree, but the consumer abilities of the finished product. If you prepare the drink correctly, even a liter of vodka will be drunk easily without a morning hangover syndrome, and it does not matter how many degrees the alcohol strength.

Outwardly, “bitter” is a transparent liquid that does not have a dark precipitate, eliminates the addition of impurities and dubious flavorings. Outwardly determining the quality of an alcoholic beverage is very problematic, so you need to carefully read the labeling on the label. So the following components of the chemical-physical composition are normalized:

• ethyl alcohol fraction;
• the presence of aldehydes and fusel vapors;
• alkalinity;
• concentration of esters.

Before putting vodka on sale, it is necessary to obtain a quality certificate, which in modern society is quite a troublesome task. In accordance with the chemical composition and design, vodka is bottled in glass containers of 350 ml, 500 ml, 700 ml, 1 liter. The weight of the finished drink can be calculated from the standard ratio: 1 liter \u003d 953 grams. From here, using elementary mathematical calculations, we can conclude how much the purchase weighs, and how much ethyl alcohol enters the stomach during the next feast.

Fake Detection Rules

Since it is very difficult to prepare alcoholic beverages that clearly meet generally accepted standards, many craftsmen are actively selling illegally strong low-quality alcoholic beverages. It is one thing if the buyer deliberately takes such a risk, and quite another when swipes pass off as an elite drink at high prices. In order not to lose, it is important to know not only the weight of the purchased fluid, but also other, equally important quality indicators.

High-quality strong alcoholic beverage always burns

The main quality assessment criteria are as follows:

1. Appearance. When buying strong alcoholic drinks, it is important to pay attention not only to its weight, but also to its appearance, which will also tell the buyer a lot. The liquid must be transparent, the presence of a cloudy color and sediment in a quality drink is impossible. Therefore, in the presence of such characteristics, it is urgently necessary to return the purchase in a sealed form and not doubt its low grade.
2. Smell. If externally the liquid does not cause additional questions, it is allowed to open the bottle. It is very important to pour the first glass and conduct a small experiment. You just need to smell the liquid. The presence of the smell of methylated spirits eloquently testifies to the quality of the product, while the aroma of acetone raises alarming thoughts about buying dubious alcohol products.
3. The weight. The amount of alcoholic liquid should fully correspond to the capacity of the glass containers. The difference, as a rule, is visible to the naked eye, so if there is such a defect, you can not even open the bottle, but carry it back to the store and demand protection of consumer rights. It is possible that alcohol was poured "underground", and drinking it is dangerous for health and one's own life. Also, the liquid can be weighed, but for this it is necessary to know what the tare weight is, since it is it that must be taken away from the values \u200b\u200bobtained on the scales.
4. Cold check. Not only experienced alcoholics know about this verification method, this useful information is also available to an ordinary person. If an unopened bottle is placed in the refrigerator and allowed to freeze, then singed alcohol is distinguished by the appearance of crystals in the liquid. This indicates the presence of doubtful impurities and a large amount of water. A quality and certified product does not freeze, and the alcohol liquid only cools.
5. Burning A high-quality alcoholic drink always burns; a low-quality alcoholic beverage may not even be set on fire. It is in this way that strong alcoholic drinks are checked in bars and restaurants, so why not make a similar experiment in a comfortable home environment. If the liquid flared up like gasoline, then this indicates that its chemical composition contains a large amount of impurities, flammable substances, dangerous to the health of the drinking person.

Alcoholic beverages are best purchased at certified stores that are licensed to trade.

Anyway, it is recommended that alcoholic beverages be purchased only in certified stores that have the right to sell alcohol. As a rule, in such establishments there is a clear quality control, verification of products from different suppliers, a guarantee for the product being sold. Such products cost a little more, but the buyer buys a clear confidence in their health the next morning after a mass walk. Otherwise, you may end up in a hospital bed or not wake up at all, having died in a dream from alcohol intoxication. So it’s better to overpay for quality, especially since the low price should already alert. It is important to remember what the process of making alcoholic beverages is, and not to knowingly lower its cost to calm your soul before buying.

It is always important to remember that any alcoholic drink, even of the highest quality, is uniquely harmful to health, especially when used regularly. A person must know the measure, otherwise you can die from an elite alcoholic drink.

As practice shows, as you get used to ethyl alcohol, the degree of strength increases markedly, and the quality of the drink itself is rapidly declining. Even medical alcohol diluted with unfiltered water is used. It is advisable to avoid such dubious experiments, especially since their own health and the health of indifferent people may suffer.

It only remains to add that each inhabitant can determine the weight, strength and density of alcohol, just pick up a bottle and carefully examine the contents of the label. This important information will help to avoid problems in the future, allows you to abuse exclusively high-quality alcoholic beverages. In general, it’s better not to drink at all - the body will be healthier.

The main characteristics of the ordinary consumer of an alcoholic beverage is the strength. This is the same degree or percentage shown on the label. However, in addition to this parameter, any alcoholic drink has such a characteristic as density, on which the speed of intoxication directly depends, and, accordingly, the state of the body on the next day.

How to measure?

The density of any alcoholic beverage can be measured with a device called a hydrometer. A variation of the hydrometer is an alcohol meter, the purpose of which is to measure the proportion of ethyl alcohol in a liquid that does not contain other impurities. Otherwise, the presence of additives can distort the measurement result, due to the influence of impurities on the density of the liquid. Thus, the measurement of the strength of the drink is also based on its density. Therefore, if you lower the alcohol meter in ordinary water, it will still show a certain value of its strength.

Externally, the hydrometer is an oblong glass float. Inside is a measurement scale.

To measure accuracy and reduce the likelihood of error, wipe the device with a dry cloth to remove grease and dirt. The temperature of the measured liquid should be brought to 20 degrees. At the slightest damage to the device, the measurements will be incorrect. Therefore, before the procedure, you must carefully inspect the device for cracks, scratches, chips. Then the hydrometer is immersed in the liquid, providing its free swimming. The value is read on a scale.

The density of vodka

The density of any aqueous-alcoholic liquid, including vodka, has an average value between water and alcohol. Having learned the density of vodka with a hydrometer, we can draw conclusions about the proportion of alcohol in the solution, i.e., its strength. To do this, it is enough to use the alcohol-measuring table and compare the result with the already known values. We owe these data to Mendeleev.

It should be noted that different types of vodka have a different density of the drink. So, the density of vodka 40 degrees (Finland) is 951 kg / m 3. The average density of vodka of 40 degree strength is 940 kg / m 3.

Alcoholic Puff Shakes

Bright multi-color cocktails are obtained not due to the magic of the bartender, but precisely due to the different density of alcoholic drinks. To create a multi-layered masterpiece, you need to place less dense drinks at the top of the cocktail, more dense ones at the bottom. As a rule, the sweeter the drink, the greater its density, the heavier it is. To create a cocktail of smooth, non-miscible layers, the density difference should be at least 10 kg / m 3.

For aesthetics and accuracy of the result, even transparent drinks (such as vodka) should be poured without spilling on the walls of the glass. It is better to use an inverted spoon for these purposes, this will ensure uniform drainage of each layer. When preparing, it is important to consider the ability of liquids to change density depending on temperature. So, the warmer the drink, the lower its density. Knowing these subtleties of preparation, you can easily please guests with an unusual serving of drinks.

In the section to the question How much does 1 liter of vodka weigh? set by the author electric sleep   the best answer is It turned out that 40 ° should be recognized as the ideal alcohol content in vodka, which cannot be obtained accurately when mixed by volumes, but only by mixing exact weight ratios. The greatest compression of the mixture occurs upon mutual dissolution in a weight ratio of 45.88% anhydrous alcohol with 54.12% water. This means that if there are three water molecules for each alcohol molecule, then the volume of the mixture becomes minimal, therefore, the specific gravity reaches a maximum.
So, a liter of vodka at 40 ° should weigh exactly 953 grams. With a weight of 951 grams, the fortress will already be 41 °, and with a weight of 954 - 39 °. In both of these cases, the physiological effect of such a mixture on the body sharply worsens, and, strictly speaking, both vodkas cannot be called Moscow vodka - the brand of which is Moscow Special, was patented by the Russian government in 1894.
In 1906-1913, the vodka monopoly was carried out in full and led to some positive results in reducing at least the external manifestations of drunkenness. The vodka trade was streamlined. In capitals and major cities, it was conducted from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. In the village, it ended before 20 hours. During the Duma elections, village and rural municipality gatherings, and other public events, vodka trade was strictly prohibited. All moonshiners were subject to criminal penalties. Vodka monopoly significantly strengthened the state budget. For comparison: for four years, 185 million rubles were received from the sale of vodka, and only 160 million rubles from the operation of railways. From 1891 to 1910, vodka consumption per capita increased from 4.3 liters to 6.09 liters. in year. It was believed that alcohol is good for the body, and you need to fight only against alcoholism, encouraging the consumption of alcohol.